tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1356540600107586172024-03-12T20:41:37.628-07:00Someone write my essay for mePsychology Paper Topic Listbethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.comBlogger74125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-60850745276794737132020-08-27T01:14:00.001-07:002020-08-27T01:14:05.325-07:00Disaster response and recovery Free EssaysThe psychological oppressors assaults are more often than not unpredicted and a nation even its most extreme security may get powerless against fear based oppressors assault. Itââ¬â¢s as universal issue which once in a while is happening in various pieces of the world. The fear based oppressor assaults, for example, 9/11 psychological militants assault, Mumbai, India , Hotel Taj and Hotel Oberai psychological oppressors assault, London psychological oppressors besieging are scarcely any instances of this hundreds of years dread assaults the world over. We will compose a custom article test on Debacle reaction and recuperation or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Psychological oppression is viewed as unbalanced type of fighting and is unlawful. It targets just on pulverization and damage blameless individuals who are significant asset of the country. On the off chance that I was the fiasco organizer of the city, when I get the pieces of information of the fear assaults I would have quite recently fixed the security close to the outskirt of the nation and call for crisis. I would drop all the flights entering and leaving the nation. The following thing which I would have done is distributing the news in the media and the media would caution the individuals as they can deal with themselves. The media would alarm individuals about the spots of helplessness and the associated time with assaults. Occurrence order framework will be told to get ready well for the assaults. These are the quick advances which I would have taken. Later I would have investigated the rundown of powerless regions which is populated more. The greater part of the fear assaults occur in the spots where there is most extreme human mediation in order to execute numerous individuals as could be expected under the circumstances and render retribution against the nation. I would give openness to alternate way courses to decrease the vehicle traffic clog and stay away from individuals go through the defenseless zones of assaults. They will be made to arrive at their goals at the earliest opportunity before the calamity happens. The vehicle of merchandise will be halted as it will be the way for the psychological oppressors to move their products all around. All get-together of individuals will of individuals will be halted. All the workplaces and the schools and universities will be pronounced occasion. Individuals in the highest floors of the structure are emptied. All the individuals who saw as dubious are checked for their personality, nation they have a place, ethnicity and their back ground. Security would be guaranteed close to the beach front zones and security checking all the boats coming in and leaving and the checking all the merchandise that are moved. The petroleum treatment facilities, power stations and atomic force plants are given security cautions. These when bombarded or wrecked reason immense misfortune and may result the city as the one which had occurred in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. The cityââ¬â¢s significant landmarks are defended with tight security. It was daytime when Hiroshima and Nagasaki was bombarded. Individuals were getting ready for workplaces and work. All the electrical machines were on. It was a bustling day in Hiroshima and Nagasaki lastly bombings rendered numerous spots fruitless and numerous individuals got medical issues as they got open to the hurtful radiations of the besieging. I would ask individuals quit utilizing power and switch off their apparatuses. Notable individuals are furnished with security as the psychological militant may utilize them as prisoners. I would request that media demonstration adequately and update individuals with the data of assaults and about the spots which are defenseless. I will request that they abstain from giving bogus data to make their news additionally intriguing. I would make communication and web offices such and intranet and promotion other online apparatuses accessible for nothing right now to keep individuals in contact with their friends and family who are out station by calling or informing them. Web is one of the most solid methods of correspondence in the hours of catastrophe to mail their adored one and discovering individuals who are absent. Individuals will be approached to adhere to the directions given by the Emergency group and Incident order framework. The Red Cross individuals are encouraged to amass the first aid packs. I would alarm all the emergency clinics and emotional well-being care worries to get ready for the catastrophe to help individuals who become casualties of the assaults. Social insurance units are educated to give the clinical offices, for example, emergency treatment, medication and other deliberate associations are urged to offer help. Restoration focuses are made thus the individuals can look for cover. The objectives of the fear based oppressors and the potential helpless zones impact and influence the cityââ¬â¢s crisis plan. It makes crisis arranging group consider most powerless territories first. They will set need of the powerless places as essential and optional. It will make their work simpler and give full security to the spots of essential concern. The Incident order framework may some of the time don't work proficiently. I think it has audit the manners in which it works and add most productive approaches to their present arrangement of activity. It should design proficiently with the end goal that their arrangements are transformed into activities and won't stay just words. It ought to have better correspondence between its authoritative parts. Its orders ought to be carefully trailed by its hierarchical parts. The arrangement ought to be made on schedule and it ought not be executed after the episode yet on schedule. It ought to speak with the individuals successfully and just not cause individuals to get apprehensive by telling outcomes of the assault. In any case, they should cause to feel safe and maintain a strategic distance from bogus guarantees. The clinical and social insurance units ought to be committed in their work and offer benevolent assistance. There ought to be no segregation on the premise race, age, ethnicity, sex and all individuals ought to be dealt with similarly. Everything they can do is to They target psychological oppression, check it, rout it and make their nation a serene spot to live in. Step by step instructions to refer to Disaster reaction and recuperation, Papers bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-32473396607615122592020-08-22T10:09:00.001-07:002020-08-22T10:09:33.915-07:00Fantastic Mr Fox Essay EssaysAwesome Mr Fox Essay Essays Awesome Mr Fox Essay Paper Awesome Mr Fox Essay Paper In the midst of gigantic disunity. a childââ¬â¢s relationship with their folks turns out to be a greater amount of import. As a childââ¬â¢s universe is flipped around. they cutting to the recognizable as offices of self-distinguishing proof and find in perplexing fortunes. Yet, when parent kid connections become unfortunate. a childââ¬â¢s feeling of independence is harmed as they battle to redress their feeling of inner self without clear capacity hypothetical records to follow. In unconventional. connections among guardians and children of a similar sex convey with them gendered beliefs of personality and singularity that more remote strain the connection between the parent and child. Both Fantastic Mr. Fox and Maus see male parent kid connections that are under gigantic strain. what's more, how the characters find their singularities through working their grieved connections out. All through both of these plants. there is a subject of self-disclosure as the organizations of bettering connections and the lesson of every story is that to see truly one another. one should preeminent get oneself. The film adjustment/creative mind of Roald Dahlââ¬â¢s Fantastic Mr. Fox goes amiss from the earliest starting point stuff in positive manners and presents a fascinating dad child subplot between the main supporter and his kid ( s ) . Toward the beginning of the film. Mr. Fox and his kid Ash experience difficulties pass oning with one another. An aspiring and upward accepting single. Mr. Fox is not exactly excited with his sonââ¬â¢s wiry edge and insufficiency of athletic capacity. Debris misses the mark concerning the ââ¬Å"idealâ⬠athletic manly unique that Mr. Fox likes to accept of himself as. so when the obviously athletic Kristofferson comes to stay with the Foxes. Mr. Fox obviously floats towards a dad child relationship with Kristofferson. : This makes Ash experience strained quality and green-looked at beast since he sees Kristofferson as a challenger for his fatherââ¬â¢s joining in. As the film advances and Mr. Foxââ¬â¢s plans for headway Begin to take structure. he includes first Kristofferson. because of his common athletic capacity. further increasing the break among Ash and his male parent. It arrives at the point that Ash is eager to risk his life on his fatherââ¬â¢s shams just to pick up his respect since he accepts that his male parent esteems Kristofferson more than his ââ¬Å"differentâ⬠kid. This craving for his fatherââ¬â¢s going to is decreased well when Foxââ¬â¢s conspiring and robbery essentially passing on the farmerââ¬â¢s fury down on the invigorate creatures. The base that Ash set his male parent on is broken and Ash chooses to stop looking to be his male parent and on the other hand incorporate the parts of his character that makes himâ⬠differentâ⬠. This prompts more noteworthy self-realization for Ash who uses his offbeat enrichments in clasp to rescue his fatherââ¬â¢s life and show signs of improvement of the husbandmans. What is of import to see here is that Ashââ¬â¢s self-revelation comes as a he breaks liberated from his fatherââ¬â¢s standpoints and comes to acknowledge himself as an exceptional and of import individual in his ain right. His male parent comes to acknowledge Ash non for fitting in with his ain standards however for including his independence. Ashââ¬â¢s relationship with his male parent simply fortifies and extends when Ash comes into his ain as a person. Ashââ¬â¢s advancement and self-revelation comes in noxiousness of his connection with his male parent and their relationship only develops as Ash builds up his ain character. Both Mr. Fox and Ash find themselves through understanding each other ; one time Mr. Fox disposes of his emotional meltdown and Ash makes harmony with his unconventionalities. both are fit for holding a solid relationship with one another. A similar dad child strained quality fills character advancement in Maus. as the connection between Art Spiegelman and his male parent. Vladek. creates over the class of this recorded as a hard copy novel. In spite of the fact that Maus is primarily centered around Vladekââ¬â¢s ain Holocaust portrayal. the association with his child Art does non occur until after the Holocaust has occurred. hence colourising Vladekââ¬â¢s perusing of the universe. Workmanship areas. ââ¬Å"In a few different ways. my male parent didnââ¬â¢t endure the Holocaustâ⬠. Vladekââ¬â¢s encounters sway his perspective to where he experiences difficulty partner to his kid. who just can non think about the things Vladek needed to make to last. This spread in understanding pushes the battle between the characters as Art battles to procure away from his fatherââ¬â¢s nearness so as to set up a uniqueness for himself as an innovative individual. In any case, all things considered diligently he attempts. going on with his life requests that he comprehends his male parent. something that Art has ever discovered hard. I mean. I canââ¬â¢t even bode well out of my relationship with my male parent â⬠¦ how am I expected to do detect out of Auschwitz? â⬠¦ 0f the Holocaust? â⬠. While these requests wait with Art and the peruser long after the finishing up page ( for the most part in light of the fact that such careless catastrophe oppose s appreciation ) . in working with his male parent to grok his story. Workmanship starts to comprehend his male parent better. In making so. Workmanship can do harmony with his male parent and get down structure his ain independence as some different option from a response to his male parent and the desolation he persevered. Workmanship moves by just dismissing the power per unit territory his male parent puts on him. tolerating his fatherââ¬â¢s fight and in the method their relationship is reinforced. Craftsmanship and Vladek help each other to go on with their lives to contrasting evaluations and in the technique go more like each other as increasingly complete people. Both Mr. Fox and Vladek care about their children and really want to make directly by them however both are adapting to their ain issues of uniqueness in the main part of individual emergencies way outside the ability to understand of their boies. Also. Debris and Artââ¬â¢s ain feeling of self-languishing. because of the stressed connections they had with their folks come into dramatization. All together for any kind of solid relationship to be. important self-revelation and self-realization is vital on the bit of the two people. The exciting message to detract from these stories is that a significant parent-kid relationship can non be between people who themselves are uncomplete. The parent and the child should initially look to their ââ¬Å"inner selvesâ⬠to do themselves all the more by and by complete before they can genuinely loll a significant and satisfying guardian youngster relationship. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-18258314094446822852020-08-21T07:51:00.001-07:002020-08-21T07:51:36.661-07:00Seven Missteps to Avoid in Your Business BlogSeven Missteps to Avoid in Your Business Blog According to data analysis by HubSpot, small businesses that blog get 55% more website visitors and 126% more lead growth than small businesses that do not blog. If you own a small business and dont blog, you are missing out on a valuable opportunity to generate traffic to your website and position yourself as an expert in your field.However, as with any endeavor, the process of blogging for your business often comes with a few missteps, especially for businesses that are new to the concept of blogging to increase their potential customer base. Whether you have blogged for your business for years or are just now starting to take advantage of this wonderful marketing opportunity, learning to avoid these common errors will help ensure your blog is a success.Misstep 1 â" It isnt your personal blog â" dont write it like oneWhile personal anecdotes and observations can help your clients get to know you as a business owner, focusing too much on yourself and not enough on your business wi ll drive customers away. Your companys blog should be a space for discourse and education on topics related to the companys focus. Specific things to avoid are politics (unless you run a political organization); religion (unless you run a religious organization); or controversial topics that have nothing to do with your business, your product, or the services you offer.Misstep 2 â" Avoid discussing insider informationRememberâ"anything you put in print (whether online or otherwise) could have potential for litigation. Discussing insider information, particularly if you are a franchise of a larger company, could have legal consequences and might end up being more trouble that you anticipated. Beyond this, it is unprofessional to go public with information that should be kept private, or among your employees.Misstep 3 â" Dont discuss company dramaEvery workplace has its share of dramaâ"some more than others. However, airing that dirty laundry through the company blog is unprofessi onal. Keep workplace conflict out of the publics eye in order to maintain your companys reputation, and never use a blog for a personal vendetta against a co-worker, co-owner, or the competition.Misstep 4 â" Dont relate news, statistics, or published information without citing the sourceBeyond the fact that its plagiarism, including information on your blog that is not properly cited looks sloppy and untrustworthy. With so much information available on the web, and so much misinformation published daily, you dont want your business blog to run the risk of being seen as misleading. You will lose readers quickly by doing this.Citing sources can be as simple as including where you found it within your text, creating a hyperlink to the original source, or including a citation at the bottom of the blogâ"just as you would do if you were writing an academic paper. Particularly if your blog is written to show your expertise to potential clients, youll want to make sure your writing is see n as a legitimate and valid source of trustworthy information.Misstep 5 â" Dont limit your blog to written contentInternet users are accustomed to a wide variety of content online, including videos, photos, graphs, music, and written words. Limiting your blog to the written word not only makes it boring to read (regardless of how great your content is)â"it also limits your audience. Ask any marketing professional and theyll tell you that using a variety of tactics and media is the best way to attract potential customers. For this reason, you can immediately make your blog more interesting and more likely to have a larger audience if you include photos, videos, graphs, or other types of media. These media also work well as posts on social media to attract readers to your blog.Misstep 6 â" Dont allow your blog to become outdatedYouve seen it beforeâ"a business has a great website with a blog, but when you start reading the content, you find that most of the information was written years ago. This is bad for two reasons. First, outdated content makes your business appear outdated. If the last blog entry you posted was in 2010 and it is now 2014, anyone reading that content or visiting your website will wonder if you are still in business. Second, if the purpose of your blog is to draw more traffic to your website, the only way this will happen is if you continue to add fresh content on a regular basis. Constant activity on a website not only helps search engines like Google find your pages, it also makes your page rank higher when those search engine results are returned to an internet user. Higher page rankings mean more traffic.Misstep 7 â" Dont neglect your audienceMost blogging platforms allow for comments from readers. This is a great asset to your blog because it shows that people are reading and that your content is generating interest. Responding to these comments allows your readers the opportunity to interact with you and benefit from your expertis e, which ultimately draws customers to your door. Responding to criticism is equally as important, since criticism will help you improve your business and will show that you care about your customers or clients.Blogs are also easy targets for spammers, so not paying attention to the comments could make your blog appear unprofessional. One way to avoid the spamming is to set your blog to post only comments that you approve. If you do this, be sure to also approve the comments that question the content youve written. Replying to that questioning not only shows your expertiseâ"it shows that you are confident enough in your content to defend it. Just keep the replies professional. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-73938254642030560672020-05-25T03:18:00.001-07:002020-05-25T03:18:06.352-07:00The Design Of Machines And The Narrative Of The Life Of... Over time, Man has developed various institutions, such as slavery and the design of machines, to work for him. Despite the intentions Man had, such institutions have led to the destruction of humanity on earth. Referencing the texts R.U.R. (Rossumââ¬â¢s Universal Robots) by Karel ÃÅ'apek and The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass by Frederick Douglass, this essay postulates that the design of machines and the use of slavery have led to the overall destruction of humanity. Though it is important to identify that critics may argue that such institutions have benefitted humanity by making it stronger and more powerful, it is more valid to argue that the institutions developed by man have led to Manââ¬â¢s destruction. It is tenable to stateâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the play R.U.R., Dominââ¬â¢s robots see to all of manââ¬â¢s needs, Alquist points out to Helena that Manââ¬â¢s reliance on machines is the reason for the great decrease in natality; no woman would desire to bear children with a man who did nothing and was merely superfluous to society. As stated by Fibrous, ââ¬Å"From a technical standpoint, the whole of childhood is pure nonsense. Simply wasted time.â⬠The robots had taken away the need to waste the time producing children, because children were not beneficial to society. Even after the children grew to become adults, it is plausible to say that adults are less beneficial to society than the robots are. According to Fabry, one robot is capable of doing the work of two and a half human laborers, and robots were faster and more convenient to make. It could be argued that the ability to reproduce in order to develop society is a characteristic of being human, and the use of machines arguably destroys the humanity of Man, making man more dependent on things that make work easier. Similar to machines, it could be argued that the use of slaves is also destructive to humanity, because it takes the stress of labor off of the whites and places that stress onto the blacks and mullatos, forcing the whites to rely on the production of the slaves. Any person who was not white was treated as if they were an animal or machine; the whites did not care whether they were sick or hungry, they needed to work. The slaves were put bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-34367414594960168412020-05-14T10:12:00.001-07:002020-05-14T10:12:02.836-07:00Gang Affiliation and Social Factors Underlying their... We have discussed gang affiliation and the social factors underlying their deviant behavior, however, the motives for why people engage in this deviant behavior have different sociological theoretical explanations. I will use the following theories to interpret and analyze this cause of deviance. Functionalist theory/perspective The Functionalist theory through the studies of Durkheim, states that society is comprised of a greater network of parts that contributes to its stability. The functionalist theory believes that even a person who contributes nothing positive to society is still an important part of a society that shouldnt be replaced. Functionalists see crime and deviance resulting from structural tensions and a lack of moral regulation within society. This idea is valid in our study of gangs, where crime and related deviant behaviors arise from tensions in social structures. The functionalist theory demonstrates why the lower social class is more inclined to commit crime and deviance. If a functionalist were to study gangs, they would explain how the contribute and/or detract from social stability. Some contributions include separating individuals into different groups, providing an example of deviant behavior, and encouraging the development of institutions of social control. Further, some examples of detracting the stability may include deteriorating social integration and too much liberalism for a society to take. According to the functional perspective, gangsShow MoreRelated The Perpetuation of Negative Images of African Americans through Mass Media1701 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat will slit your throat (Moore 57). 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Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words à |à 1351 Pagesevolution of environmental analysis The political, economic, social and technological environments Coming to terms with the industry and market breakpoints Coming to terms with the very different future: the implications for marketing planning Approaches to environmental analysis and scanning Summary 5 Approaches to customer analysis 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 Learning objectives Introduction Coming to terms with buyer behaviour Factors influencing consumer behaviour The buying decision process bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-46763295279965801002020-05-06T15:04:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:04:32.665-07:00Jesse Greenes Articles on the Issues Around Same Sex... For the past three years, Jesse Greene, journalist for the New York Magazine, has been focused on the insight of the relationships and lives of people in the L(esbian)G(ay)B(isexual)T(ransgender) community. In the article, From ââ¬Å"I doâ⬠to ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m doneâ⬠, he writes about a gay couple, Kevin Muir and Sam Ritchie, who have been together since 1997. They have been in a relationship much like a normal couple would, they lived with each other, they had shared real estate, credit cards, etc. Jesse describes them as having a happy and healthy relationship after they got married on May 8th, 2004. Going into their marriage, the desire for children became more serious and they began to look into adoption. Jesse describes their journey through theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The editors of The Slant are: Stephanie Fairyington, a present freelanced writer for New York. She is a former fact-checker and her work has appeared on CNN, Huffington Post, the New York Obser ver, and many other news sources. The next editor is Shirley Velasquez. She too is a freelanced editor and writer who was a researcher for Rolling Stone and Womenââ¬â¢s Health. Her work has appeared in Glamour, Womanââ¬â¢s Day, The New York Sun, Patriot Acts: Narratives of Post-9/11 Injustice (McSweeneyââ¬â¢s/Voice of Witness) and many other places. These two well knows writers decided to interview Jesse Greene because of a memoir he wrote called The Velveteen Father: An Unexpected Journey to Parenthood, lives in Brooklyn Heights with his partner and two sons. When he began his studies of identity and sexuality on young children, he worked with expert psychiatrists, psychologist, and social workers in New York to understand gender dysmorphia, a condition in which oneââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"biological genderâ⬠does not match oneââ¬â¢s self-perception or ââ¬Å"brain gender.â⬠Through his help, he was able to find families dealing with a child going through this condition at a young age. Going into is study, he had a stereotypical view of transgender, gay and lesbian individual but, ironically, he was gay himself. For 11 months, he interviewed 30 people and their families to see what children deal with when they feel like they donââ¬â¢t belong to their gender and bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-18765372475434373972020-05-05T16:35:00.001-07:002020-05-05T16:35:20.507-07:00ECON 202 CH. 6 Essay Example For Students ECON 202 CH. 6 Essay The price elasticity of demand coefficient measures: A. buyer responsiveness to price changes. B. the extent to which a demand curve shifts as incomes change. C. the slope of the demand curve. D. how far business executives can stretch their fixed costs. A. buyer responsiveness to price changes. The basic formula for the price elasticity of demand coefficient is: A. absolute decline in quantity demanded/absolute increase in price. B. percentage change in quantity demanded/percentage change in price. C. absolute decline in price/absolute increase in quantity demanded. D. percentage change in price/percentage change in quantity demanded. B. percentage change in quantity demanded/percentage change in price. The demand for a product is inelastic with respect to price if: A. consumers are largely unresponsive to a per unit price change. B. the elasticity coefficient is greater than 1. C. a drop in price is accompanied by a decrease in the quantity demanded. D. a drop in price is accompanied by an increase in the quantity demanded. A. consumers are largely unresponsive to a per unit price change. If the price elasticity of demand for a product is 2.5, then a price cut from $2.00 to $1.80 will: A. increase the quantity demanded by about 2.5 percent. B. decrease the quantity demanded by about 2.5 percent. C. increase the quantity demanded by about 25 percent. D. increase the quantity demanded by about 250 percent. C. increase the quantity demanded by about 25 percent. Suppose that as the price of Y falls from $2.00 to $1.90 the quantity of Y demanded increases from 110 to 118. Then the price elasticity of demand is: A. 4.00. B. 2.09. C. 1.37. D. 3.94. C. 1.37. Which of the following is not characteristic of the demand for a commodity that is elastic? A. The relative change in quantity demanded is greater than the relative change in price. B. Buyers are relatively sensitive to price changes. C. Total revenue declines if price is increased. D. The elasticity coefficient is less than one. D. The elasticity coefficient is less than one. If the demand for product X is inelastic, a 4 percent increase in the price of X will: A. decrease the quantity of X demanded by more than 4 percent. B. decrease the quantity of X demanded by less than 4 percent. C. increase the quantity of X demanded by more than 4 percent. D. increase the quantity of X demanded by less than 4 percent. B. decrease the quantity of X demanded by less than 4 percent. If a firm can sell 3,000 units of product A at $10 per unit and 5,000 at $8, then: A. the price elasticity of demand is 0.44. B. A is a complementary good. C. the price elasticity of demand is 2.25. D. A is an inferior good. C. the price elasticity of demand is 2.25. A perfectly inelastic demand schedule: A. rises upward and to the right, but has a constant slope. B. can be represented by a line parallel to the vertical axis. C. cannot be shown on a two-dimensional graph. D. can be represented by a line parallel to the horizontal axis. B. can be represented by a line parallel to the vertical axis. The larger the coefficient of price elasticity of demand for a product, the: A. larger the resulting price change for an increase in supply. B. more rapid the rate at which the marginal utility of that product diminishes. C. less competitive will be the industry supplying that product. D. smaller the resulting price change for an increase in supply. D. smaller the resulting price change for an increase in supply. Most demand curves are relatively elastic in the upper-left portion because the original price: A. and quantity from which the percentage changes in price and quantity are calculated are both large. B. and quantity from which the percentage changes in price and quantity are calculated are both small. C. from which the percentage price change is calculated is small and the original quantity from which the percentage change in quantity is calculated is large. D. from which the percentage price change is calculated is large and the original quantity from which the percentage change in quantity is calculated is small. D. from which the percentage price change is calculated is large and the original quantity from which the percentage change in quantity is calculated is small. The price elasticity of demand for widgets is 0.80. Assuming no change in the demand curve for widgets, a 16 percent increase in sales implies a: A. 1 percent reduction in price. B. 12 percent reduction in price. C. 40 percent reduction in price. D. 20 percent reduction in price. D. 20 percent reduction in price. Suppose Aiyannas Pizzeria currently faces a linear demand curve and is charging a very high price per pizza and doing very little business. Aiyanna now decides to lower pizza prices by 5 percent per week for an indefinite period of time. We can expect that each successive week: A. demand will become more price elastic. B. price elasticity of demand will not change as price is lowered. C. demand will become less price elastic. D. the elasticity of supply will increase. C. demand will become less price elastic. The price elasticity of demand of a straight-line demand curve is: A. elastic in high-price ranges and inelastic in low-price ranges. B. elastic, but does not change at various points on the curve. C. inelastic, but does not change at various points on the curve. D. 1 at all points on the curve. A. elastic in high-price ranges and inelastic in low-price ranges. A leftward shift in the supply curve of product X will increase equilibrium price to a greater extent the: A. more elastic the supply curve. B. larger the elasticity of demand coefficient. C. more elastic the demand for the product. D. more inelastic the demand for the product. D. more inelastic the demand for the product. If the demand for bacon is relatively elastic, a 10 percent decline in the price of bacon will: A. decrease the amount demanded by more than 10 percent. B. increase the amount demanded by more than 10 percent. C. decrease the amount demanded by less than 10 percent. D. increase the amount demanded by less than 10 percent. B. increase the amount demanded by more than 10 percent. The price elasticity of demand is generally: A. negative, but the minus sign is ignored. B. positive, but the plus sign is ignored. C. positive for normal goods and negative for inferior goods. D. positive because price and quantity demanded are inversely related. A. negative, but the minus sign is ignored. For a linear demand curve: A. elasticity is constant along the curve. B. elasticity is unity at every point on the curve. C. demand is elastic at low prices. D. demand is elastic at high prices. D. demand is elastic at high prices. The price of product X is reduced from $100 to $90 and, as a result, the quantity demanded increases from 50 to 60 units. Therefore demand for X in this price range: A. has declined. B. is of unit elasticity. C. is inelastic. D. is elastic. D. is elastic. If a demand for a product is elastic, the value of the price elasticity coefficient is: A. zero. B. greater than one. C. equal to one. D. less than one. B. greater than one. The concept of price elasticity of demand measures: A. the slope of the demand curve. B. the number of buyers in a market. C. the extent to which the demand curve shifts as the result of a price decline. D. the sensitivity of consumer purchases to price changes. D. the sensitivity of consumer purchases to price changes. Suppose the price of local cable TV service increased from $16.20 to $19.80 and as a result the number of cable subscribers decreased from 224,000 to 176,000. Along this portion of the demand curve, price elasticity of demand is: A. 0.8. B. 1.2. C. 1.6. D. 8.0 B. 1.2. If the price of hand calculators falls from $10 to $9 and, as a result, the quantity demanded increases from 100 to 125, then: A. demand is elastic. B. demand is inelastic. C. demand is of unit elasticity. D. not enough information is given to make a statement about elasticity. A. demand is elastic. A perfectly inelastic demand curve: A. has a price elasticity coefficient greater than unity. B. has a price elasticity coefficient of unity throughout. C. graphs as a line parallel to the vertical axis. D. graphs as a line parallel to the horizontal axis. C. graphs as a line parallel to the vertical axis. If quantity demanded is completely unresponsive to price changes, demand is: A. perfectly inelastic. B. perfectly elastic. C. relatively inelastic. D. relatively elastic. A. perfectly inelastic. A firm can sell as much as it wants at a constant price. Demand is thus: A. perfectly inelastic. B. perfectly elastic. C. relatively inelastic. D. relatively elastic. B. perfectly elastic. A demand curve which is parallel to the horizontal axis is: A. perfectly inelastic. B. perfectly elastic. C. relatively inelastic. D. relatively elastic. B. perfectly elastic. When the percentage change in price is greater than the resulting percentage change in quantity demanded: A. a decrease in price will increase total revenue. B. demand may be either elastic or inelastic. C. an increase in price will increase total revenue. D. demand is elastic. C. an increase in price will increase total revenue. Suppose the price elasticity coefficients of demand are 1.43, 0.67, 1.11, and 0.29 for products W, X, Y, and Z respectively. A 1 percent decrease in price will increase total revenue in the case(s) of: A. W and Y. B. Y and Z. C. X and Z. D. Z and W. A. W and Y. Which of the following statements is not correct? A. If the relative change in price is greater than the relative change in the quantity demanded associated with it, demand is inelastic. B. In the range of prices in which demand is elastic, total revenue will diminish as price decreases. C. Total revenue will not change if price varies within a range where the elasticity coefficient is unity. D. Demand tends to be elastic at high prices and inelastic at low prices. B. In the range of prices in which demand is elastic, total revenue will diminish as price decreases. In which of the following instances will total revenue decline? A. price rises and supply is elastic B. price falls and demand is elastic C. price rises and demand is inelastic D. price rises and demand is elastic D. price rises and demand is elastic If a firms demand for labor is elastic, a union-negotiated wage increase will: A. necessarily be inflationary. B. cause the firms total payroll to increase. C. cause the firms total payroll to decline. D. cause a shortage of labor. C. cause the firms total payroll to decline. The Illinois Central Railroad once asked the Illinois Commerce Commission for permission to increase its commuter rates by 20 percent. The railroad argued that declining revenues made this rate increase essential. Opponents of the rate increase contended that the railroads revenues would fall because of the rate hike. It can be concluded that: A. both groups felt that the demand was elastic but for different reasons. B. both groups felt that the demand was inelastic but for different reasons. C. the railroad felt that the demand for passenger service was inelastic and opponents of the rate increase felt it was elastic. D. the railroad felt that the demand for passenger service was elastic and opponents of the rate increase felt it was inelastic. C. the railroad felt that the demand for passenger service was inelastic and opponents of the rate increase felt it was elastic. If a firm finds that it can sell $13,000 worth of a product when its price is $5 per unit and $11,000 worth of it when its price is $6, then: A. the demand for the product is elastic in the $6-$5 price range. B. the demand for the product must have increased. C. elasticity of demand is 0.74. D. the demand for the product is inelastic in the $6-$5 price range. A. the demand for the product is elastic in the $6-$5 price range. Suppose the price elasticity of demand for bread is 0.20. If the price of bread falls by 10 percent, the quantity demanded will increase by: A. 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise. B. 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall. C. 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall. D. 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise. B. 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall. Gigantic State University raises tuition for the purpose of increasing its revenue so that more faculty can be hired. GSU is assuming that the demand for education at GSU is: A. decreasing. B. relatively elastic. C. perfectly elastic. D. relatively inelastic. D. relatively inelastic. If the demand for farm products is price inelastic, a good harvest will cause farm revenues to: A. increase. B. decrease. C. be unchanged. D. either increase or decrease, depending on what happens to supply. B. decrease. Other things the same, if a price change causes total revenue to change in the opposite direction, demand is: A. perfectly inelastic. B. relatively elastic. C. relatively inelastic. D. of unit elasticity. B. relatively elastic. If the price elasticity of demand for a product is unity, a decrease in price will: A. have no effect upon the amount purchased. B. increase the quantity demanded and increase total revenue. C. increase the quantity demanded, but decrease total revenue. D. increase the quantity demanded, but total revenue will be unchanged. D. increase the quantity demanded, but total revenue will be unchanged. In which of the following cases will total revenue increase? A. price falls and demand is inelastic B. price falls and supply is elastic C. price rises and demand is inelastic D. price rises and demand is elastic C. price rises and demand is inelastic A manufacturer of frozen pizzas found that total revenue decreased when price was lowered from $5 to $4. It was also found that total revenue decreased when price was raised from $5 to $6. Thus, A. the demand for pizza is elastic above $5 and inelastic below $5. B. the demand for pizza is elastic both above and below $5. C. the demand for pizza is inelastic above $5 and elastic below $5. D. $5 is not the equilibrium price of pizza. A. the demand for pizza is elastic above $5 and inelastic below $5. The total-revenue test for elasticity: A. is equally applicable to both demand and supply. B. does not apply to demand because price and quantity are inversely related. C. does not apply to supply because price and quantity are directly related. D. applies to the short-run supply curve, but not to the long-run supply curve. C. does not apply to supply because price and quantity are directly related. If the University Chamber Music Society decides to raise ticket prices to provide more funds to finance concerts, the Society is assuming that the demand for tickets is: A. parallel to the horizontal axis. B. shifting to the left. C. inelastic. D. elastic. C. inelastic. The state legislature has cut Gigantic State Universitys appropriations. GSUs Board of Regents decides to increase tuition fees to compensate for the loss of revenue. The board is assuming that the: A. demand for education at GSU is elastic. B. demand for education at GSU is inelastic. C. coefficient of price elasticity of demand for education at GSU is unity. D. coefficient of price elasticity of demand for education at GSU is greater than unity. B. demand for education at GSU is inelastic. Which of the following is correct? A. If demand is elastic, an increase in price will increase total revenue. B. If demand is elastic, a decrease in price will decrease total revenue. C. If demand is elastic, a decrease in price will increase total revenue. D. If demand is inelastic, an increase in price will decrease total revenue. C. If demand is elastic, a decrease in price will increase total revenue. Suppose that the price of peanuts falls from $3 to $2 per bushel and that, as a result, the total revenue received by peanut farmers changes from $16 to $14 billion. Thus: A. the demand for peanuts is elastic. B. the demand for peanuts is inelastic. C. the demand curve for peanuts has shifted to the right. D. no inference can be made as to the elasticity of demand for peanuts. B. the demand for peanuts is inelastic. Which of the following is correct? A. If the demand for a product is inelastic, a change in price will cause total revenue to change in the opposite direction. B. If the demand for a product is inelastic, a change in price will cause total revenue to change in the same direction. C. If the demand for a product is inelastic, a change in price may cause total revenue to change in either the opposite or the same direction. D. The price elasticity coefficient applies to demand, but not to supply. B. If the demand for a product is inelastic, a change in price will cause total revenue to change in the same direction. The demand schedules for such products as eggs, bread, and electricity tend to be: A. perfectly price elastic. B. of unit price elasticity. C. relatively price inelastic. D. relatively price elastic. C. relatively price inelastic. The elasticity of demand for a product is likely to be greater: A. if the product is a necessity, rather than a luxury good. B. the greater the amount of time over which buyers adjust to a price change. C. the smaller the proportion of ones income spent on the product. D. the smaller the number of substitute products available. B. the greater the amount of time over which buyers adjust to a price change. We would expect: A. the demand for Coca-Cola to be less price elastic than the demand for soft drinks in general. B. the demand for Coca-Cola to be more price elastic than the demand for soft drinks in general. C. no relationship between the price elasticity of demand for Coca-Cola and the price elasticity of demand for soft drinks in general. B. the demand for Coca-Cola to be more price elastic than the demand for soft drinks in general. The narrower the definition of a product: A. the larger the number of substitutes and the greater the price elasticity of demand. B. the smaller the number of substitutes and the greater the price elasticity of demand. C. the larger the number of substitutes and the smaller the price elasticity of demand. D. the smaller the number of substitutes and the smaller the price elasticity of demand. A. the larger the number of substitutes and the greater the price elasticity of demand. The more time consumers have to adjust to a change in price: A. the smaller will be the price elasticity of demand. B. the greater will be the price elasticity of demand. C. the more likely the product is a normal good. D. the more likely the product is an inferior good. B. the greater will be the price elasticity of demand. The demand for autos is likely to be: A. less price elastic than the demand for Honda Accords. B. more price elastic than the demand for Honda Accords. C. of the same price elasticity as the demand for Honda Accords. D. perfectly inelastic. A. less price elastic than the demand for Honda Accords. Price elasticity of demand is generally: A. greater in the long run than in the short run. B. greater in the short run than in the long run. C. the same in both the short run and the long run. D. greater for necessities than it is for luxuries. A. greater in the long run than in the short run. Which of the following generalizations is not correct? A. The larger an item is in ones budget, the greater the price elasticity of demand. B. The price elasticity of demand is greater for necessities than it is for luxuries. C. The larger the number of close substitutes available, the greater will be the price elasticity of demand for a particular product. D. The price elasticity of demand is greater the longer the time period under consideration. B. The price elasticity of demand is greater for necessities than it is for luxuries. If price and total revenue vary in opposite directions, demand is: A. perfectly inelastic. B. perfectly elastic. C. relatively inelastic. D. relatively elastic. D. relatively elastic. The demand for a luxury good whose purchase would exhaust a big portion of ones income is: A. perfectly price inelastic. B. perfectly price elastic. C. relatively price inelastic. D. relatively price elastic. D. relatively price elastic. The demand for a necessity whose cost is a small portion of ones total income is: A. perfectly price inelastic. B. perfectly price elastic. C. relatively price inelastic. D. relatively price elastic. C. relatively price inelastic. The price elasticity of supply measures how: A. easily labor and capital can be substituted for one another in the production process. B. responsive the quantity supplied of X is to changes in the price of X. C. responsive the quantity supplied of Y is to changes in the price of X. D. responsive quantity supplied is to a change in incomes. B. responsive the quantity supplied of X is to changes in the price of X. The main determinant of elasticity of supply is the: A. number of close substitutes for the product available to consumers. B. amount of time the producer has to adjust inputs in response to a price change. C. urgency of consumer wants for the product. D. number of uses for the product. B. amount of time the producer has to adjust inputs in response to a price change. Suppose the supply of product X is perfectly inelastic. If there is an increase in the demand for this product, equilibrium price: A. will decrease but equilibrium quantity will increase. B. and quantity will both decrease. C. will increase but equilibrium quantity will decline. D. will increase but equilibrium quantity will be unchanged. D. will increase but equilibrium quantity will be unchanged. The supply of product X is elastic if the price of X rises by: A. 5 percent and quantity supplied rises by 7 percent. B. 8 percent and quantity supplied rises by 8 percent. C. 10 percent and quantity supplied remains the same. D. 7 percent and quantity supplied rises by 5 percent. A. 5 percent and quantity supplied rises by 7 percent. The supply of product X is inelastic (but not perfectly inelastic) if the price of X rises by: A. 5 percent and quantity supplied rises by 7 percent. B. 8 percent and quantity supplied rises by 8 percent. C. 10 percent and quantity supplied remains the same. D. 7 percent and quantity supplied rises by 5 percent. D. 7 percent and quantity supplied rises by 5 percent. The elasticity of supply of product X is unitary if the price of X rises by: A. 5 percent and quantity supplied rises by 7 percent. B. 8 percent and quantity supplied rises by 8 percent. C. 10 percent and quantity supplied stays the same. D. 7 percent and quantity supplied rises by 5 percent. B. 8 percent and quantity supplied rises by 8 percent. The supply of product X is perfectly inelastic if the price of X rises by: A. 5 percent and quantity supplied rises by 7 percent. B. 8 percent and quantity supplied rises by 8 percent. C. 10 percent and quantity supplied stays the same. D. 7 percent and quantity supplied rises by 5 percent. C. 10 percent and quantity supplied stays the same. It takes a considerable amount of time to increase the production of pork. This implies that: A. a change in the demand for pork will not affect its price in the short run. B. the short-run supply curve for pork is less elastic than the long-run supply curve for pork. C. an increase in the demand for pork will elicit a larger supply response in the short run than in the long run. D. the long-run supply curve for pork is less elastic than the short-run supply curve for pork. B. the short-run supply curve for pork is less elastic than the long-run supply curve for pork. Suppose that the price of product X rises by 20 percent and the quantity supplied of X increases by 15 percent. The coefficient of price elasticity of supply for good X is: A. negative and therefore X is an inferior good. B. positive and therefore X is a normal good. C. less than 1 and therefore supply is inelastic. D. more than 1 and therefore supply is elastic. C. less than 1 and therefore supply is inelastic. If the supply of product X is perfectly elastic, an increase in the demand for it will increase: A. equilibrium quantity but reduce equilibrium price. B. equilibrium quantity but equilibrium price will be unchanged. C. equilibrium price but reduce equilibrium quantity. D. equilibrium price but equilibrium quantity will be unchanged. B. equilibrium quantity but equilibrium price will be unchanged. Suppose the price of a product rises and the total revenue of sellers increases. A. It can be concluded that the demand for the product is elastic. B. It can be concluded that the supply of the product is elastic. C. It can be concluded that the supply of the product is inelastic. D. No conclusion can be reached with respect to the elasticity of supply. D. No conclusion can be reached with respect to the elasticity of supply. Supply curves tend to be: A. perfectly elastic in the long run because consumer demand will have sufficient time to adjust fully to changes in supply. B. more elastic in the long run because there is time for firms to enter or leave the industry. C. perfectly inelastic in the long run because the law of scarcity imposes absolute limits on production. D. less elastic in the long run because there is time for firms to enter or leave an industry. B. more elastic in the long run because there is time for firms to enter or leave the industry. For an increase in demand the price effect is smallest and the quantity effect is largest: A. when supply is least elastic. B. in the long run. C. in the short run. D. in the immediate market period. B. in the long run. A supply curve that is a vertical straight line indicates that: A. production costs for this product cannot be calculated. B. the relationship between price and quantity supplied is inverse. C. a change in price will have no effect on the quantity supplied. D. an unlimited amount of the product will be supplied at a constant price. C. a change in price will have no effect on the quantity supplied. A supply curve that is parallel to the horizontal axis suggests that: A. the industry is organized monopolistically. B. the relationship between price and quantity supplied is inverse. C. a change in demand will change price in the same direction. D. a change in demand will change the equilibrium quantity but not price. D. a change in demand will change the equilibrium quantity but not price. An increase in demand will increase equilibrium price to a greater extent: A. if the product is a normal good. B. if the product is an inferior good. C. the less elastic the supply curve. D. the more elastic the supply curve. C. the less elastic the supply curve. The supply of known Monet paintings is: A. perfectly elastic. B. perfectly inelastic. C. relatively elastic. D. relatively inelastic. B. perfectly inelastic. An antidrug policy which reduces the supply of heroin might: A. increase street crime because the addicts demand for heroin is highly inelastic. B. reduce street crime because the addicts demand for heroin is highly elastic. C. reduce street crime because the addicts demand for heroin is highly inelastic. D. increase street crime because the addicts demand for heroin is highly elastic. A. increase street crime because the addicts demand for heroin is highly inelastic. Studies of the minimum wage suggest that the price elasticity of demand for teenage workers is relatively inelastic. This means that: A. an increase in the minimum wage would increase the total incomes of teenage workers as a group. B. an increase in the minimum wage would decrease the total incomes of teenage workers as a group. C. the unemployment effect of an increase in the minimum wage would be relatively large. D. the cross elasticity of demand between teenage and adult workers is positive and very large. A. an increase in the minimum wage would increase the total incomes of teenage workers as a group. Studies show that the demand for gasoline is: A. price inelastic in the short run, but elastic in the long run. B. price inelastic in both the short and long run. C. price elastic in the short run, but inelastic in the long run. D. price elastic in both the short and long run. B. price inelastic in both the short and long run. Farmers often find that large bumper crops are associated with declines in their gross incomes. This suggests that: A. farm products are normal goods. B. farm products are inferior goods. C. the price elasticity of demand for farm products is less than 1. D. the price elasticity of demand for farm products is greater than 1. C. the price elasticity of demand for farm products is less than 1. The supply curve of a one-of-a-kind original painting is: A. relatively elastic. B. relatively inelastic. C. perfectly inelastic. D. perfectly elastic. C. perfectly inelastic. The price of old baseball cards rises rapidly with increases in demand because: A. the supply of old baseball cards is price inelastic. B. the supply of old baseball cards is price elastic. C. the demand for old baseball cards is price inelastic. D. the demand for old baseball cards is price elastic. A. the supply of old baseball cards is price inelastic. The supply curve of antique reproductions is: A. relatively elastic. B. relatively inelastic. C. perfectly inelastic. D. unit elastic. A. relatively elastic. Suppose the income elasticity of demand for toys is +2.00. This means that: A. a 10 percent increase in income will increase the purchase of toys by 20 percent. B. a 10 percent increase in income will increase the purchase of toys by 2 percent. C. a 10 percent increase in income will decrease the purchase of toys by 2 percent. D. toys are an inferior good. A. a 10 percent increase in income will increase the purchase of toys by 20 percent. If the income elasticity of demand for lard is -3.00, this means that: A. lard is a substitute for butter. B. lard is a normal good. C. lard is an inferior good. D. more lard will be purchased when its price falls. C. lard is an inferior good. The formula for cross elasticity of demand is percentage change in: A. quantity demanded of X/percentage change in price of X. B. quantity demanded of X/percentage change in income. C. quantity demanded of X/percentage change in price of Y. D. price of X/percentage change in quantity demanded of Y. C. quantity demanded of X/percentage change in price of Y. Cross elasticity of demand measures how sensitive purchases of a specific product are to changes in: A. the price of some other product. B. the price of that same product. C. income. D. the general price level. A. the price of some other product. The larger the positive cross elasticity coefficient of demand between products X and Y, the: A. stronger their complementariness. B. greater their substitutability. C. smaller the price elasticity of demand for both products. D. the less sensitive purchases of each are to increases in income B. greater their substitutability. We would expect the cross elasticity of demand between Pepsi and Coke to be: A. positive, indicating normal goods. B. positive, indicating inferior goods. C. positive, indicating substitute goods. D. negative, indicating substitute goods. C. positive, indicating substitute goods. We would expect the cross elasticity of demand between dress shirts and ties to be: A. positive, indicating normal goods. B. positive, indicating complementary goods. C. negative, indicating substitute goods. D. negative, indicating complementary goods. D. negative, indicating complementary goods. Compared to coffee, we would expect the cross elasticity of demand for: A. tea to be negative, but positive for cream. B. tea to be positive, but negative for cream. C. both tea and cream to be negative. D. both tea and cream to be positive. B. tea to be positive, but negative for cream. We would expect the cross elasticity of demand for Pepsi to be greater in relation to other soft drinks than that for soft drinks in general because: A. soft drinks are normal goods. B. the income effect always exceeds the substitution effect. C. there are fewer good substitutes for soft drinks as a whole than for Pepsi specifically. D. there are more good substitutes for soft drinks as a whole than for Pepsi specifically. C. there are fewer good substitutes for soft drinks as a whole than for Pepsi specifically. Suppose that a 10 percent increase in the price of normal good Y causes a 20 percent increase in the quantity demanded of normal good X. The coefficient of cross elasticity of demand is: A. negative and therefore these goods are substitutes. B. negative and therefore these goods are complements. C. positive and therefore these goods are substitutes. D. positive and therefore these goods are complements. C. positive and therefore these goods are substitutes. Suppose that a 20 percent increase in the price of normal good Y causes a 10 percent decline in the quantity demanded of normal good X. The coefficient of cross elasticity of demand is: A. negative and therefore these goods are substitutes. B. negative and therefore these goods are complements. C. positive and therefore these goods are substitutes. D. positive and therefore these goods are complements. B. negative and therefore these goods are complements. Assume that a 4 percent increase in income across the economy produces an 8 percent increase in the quantity demanded of good X. The coefficient of income elasticity of demand is: A. negative and therefore X is an inferior good. B. negative and therefore X is a normal good. C. positive and therefore X is an inferior good. D. positive and therefore X is a normal good. D. positive and therefore X is a normal good. Assume that a 6 percent increase in income in the economy produces a 3 percent increase in the quantity demanded of good X. The coefficient of income elasticity of demand is: A. negative and therefore X is an inferior good. B. positive but less than one; therefore X is an inferior good. C. positive and therefore X is an inferior good. D. positive and therefore X is a normal good. D. positive and therefore X is a normal good. Assume that a 3 percent increase in income across the economy produces a 1 percent decline in the quantity demanded of good X. The coefficient of income elasticity of demand for good X is: A. negative and therefore X is an inferior good. B. negative and therefore X is a normal good. C. positive and therefore X is an inferior good. D. positive and therefore X is a normal good. A. negative and therefore X is an inferior good. Which type of goods is most adversely affected by recessions? A. Goods for which the income elasticity coefficient is relatively low or negative. B. Goods for which the income elasticity coefficient is relatively high and positive. C. Goods for which the cross elasticity coefficient is positive. D. Goods for which the cross elasticity coefficient is negative. B. Goods for which the income elasticity coefficient is relatively high and positive. Which of the following goods (with their respective income elasticity coefficients in parentheses) will most likely suffer a decline in demand during a recession? A. Dinner at a nice restaurant (+1.8) B. Chicken purchased at the grocery store for preparation at home (+0.25) C. Facial tissue (+0.6) D. Plasma screen and LCD TVs (+4.2) D. Plasma screen and LCD TVs (+4.2) Which of the following goods will least likely suffer a decline in demand during a recession? A. Dinner at a nice restaurant B. iPods C. Toothpaste D. Plasma screen and LCD TVs C. Toothpaste bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-66887452393623331032020-04-07T00:17:00.001-07:002020-04-07T00:17:02.842-07:00Cyber Security Assessment Introduction Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale Bank was established in 1864 in France by a caucus of moguls and investors with the aim of improving and bolstering their commercial ventures. Over the years, the bank has tremendously improved its financial outlay. This has enabled it to extend its presence in many nations. Today, the bank is among the successful financial institutions globally. Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Cyber Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The bank offers retail banking, savings schemes and intercontinental banking services. Thus, the bank handles thousands of varied transactions daily. Despite its success in the corporate arena, it has experienced a myriad of fraudulent cases which have affected its corporate profile and are likely to retard its future growth. This paper identifies and discusses the policies, vulnerabilities, risks and internal controls of Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale. Fraudsters have pervaded the financial sector with the banking subsector being the hardest hit. It has been quite challenging to track fraudsters because they apply sophisticated technologies which banks cannot keep pace with. In simple terms, bank fraud refers to the unlawful mechanisms of accessing or being in possession of money or other properties that belong to a financial company. Bank fraud can also be practiced in form of receiving money from shareholders by purporting to be a genuine financial institution. Destabilization of the financial base of an organization is one the most devastating effects of fraud. With reference to the banking sector, fraud can lead to a mass exodus of potential depositors who may no longer trust the bank with their savings. Second, fraud can cause serious liability to a bank; hence, culminating into a collapsed bank situation. Fraud in the bank can either be conducted by the staff or outsiders. In some cases, the two can conspire to siph on out assets and money from the bank. ââ¬Å"The most serious incidence of fraud that Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale has ever witnessed occurred on 24-1-2008, when Jà ©rà ´me Kerviel (a single futures dealer) allegedly lost close to US$7.2 billionâ⬠(NBC News, 2008). This was the worst case of fraud the bank has suffered since its inception (CBS News, 2009). Kerviel is believed to have coordinated and executed a chain of fake transactions, which the bank could not trace. The management of the bank revealed that Kerviel exploited every loophole to hack the computer operations at the bank. He mainly focused on tampering with security control systems to pave way for his illegal transactions. The changes Kerviel effected on the computer systems helped him to get rid of credit controls; hence, the risk personnel could not easily track his huge transactions. Advertising Looking for assessment on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He was also reported to have stolen the secret codes of his workmates that served at the trading section and department of technology. Kerviel possessed vast technical control procedures that enabled him to manipulate the security installations. Thus, he was able to access important information that was out of reach to many employees. Having served in the back office for roughly six years, Kerviel learnt how the control systems of the bank operated. Finally, he gained privileged access codes that he used to eliminate five control systems before executing his transactions. An in-depth security analysis of the fraud incident revealed that lack of proper information control systems prompted the hacking of the privilege codeword. Privileged user accounts are one of the most secure IT venture settings, and are used to secure sensitive databases and servers. The secret codes are ââ¬Å"generic in character; they encompass, but are not restricted to generic accoun ts such as administrator on Wintel platforms, root on UNIX systems, and hard-coded passwordsâ⬠(Bishop, 2009, p. 345). One disadvantage of this kind of data security system is that in case the secret code is revealed to many individuals, several operating systems can easily be hacked. The bank was probably using a single security code to secure several systems. This kind of security system creates loopholes, which can easily be misused by fraudsters. System prowlers apply authentic codes to access systems just like privileged users. They like attacking systems because they are often secured using weak secret codes that can easily be conjectured or have remained unchanged for a long time. An application like Weblogic that is secured with embedded privileged secret codes has high chances of being hacked. Reviewing Current Policies The establishment of appropriate and reliable security policies at Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale needs a clear approach that will facilitate the identif ication of the current computer vulnerabilities. The status of the current security policies can be established by analyzing current documents and detecting parts of the system that lack appropriate policies. ââ¬Å"The critical areas of the system that need to be reviewed include: physical access controls, network security policies, data security policies and contingency and disaster recovery plans and testsâ⬠(Gollmann, 2011, p. 123). Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Cyber Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More ââ¬Å"In addition, documents that have confidential data like computer BIOS secret codes, router configuration secret codes and access control documents should also be reviewedâ⬠(Gollmann, 2011, p. 125). Examining the security requirements of Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale should also involve finding out the extent of its exposure to known threats. This analysis encompasses identifyin g the nature of the bankââ¬â¢s assets because they determine the type of risks it should be protected from. It is also important to list the potential risks because it enables the security personnel to determine techniques such as email hacking and viruses that can be applied in the attack. Therefore, the security personnel at Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale Bank should improve their skills of tackling such challenges. Improving Security Strategies A good security system is supposed to include both proactive and reactive approaches. A proactive strategy has a number of procedures that mitigate potential security risks and build up emergency plans. Determining the destruction that an onslaught will cause on a given data assists in creating a strategy that is proactive. On the other hand, a reactive plan assists in examining the extent of damage on a system after it has been hacked. This helps in making decisions such as repairing the corrupted system or implementing emergency plans. The first step towards securing the system is developing effective mechanisms for identifying potential risks and developing mechanisms to resist the potential risks. Start by securing the system against common threats. It is easier to prevent threats than to reconstruct the system after an attack. All potential threats that may destabilize the system should also be scrutinized by the security administrators. These potential threats include malevolent prowlers, non wicked threats, and natural calamities. Consider all of the possible threats that cause attacks on systems. Most of the attacks are caused by employees. Reactive Strategy A reactive strategy could offer the best solution to deal with the fraud case at Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale because the proactive strategy failed to secure the system. The reactive plan identifies the procedures that should be followed during and after intrusion. ââ¬Å"This strategy detects the extent of the destruction caused and the loopholes tha t were taken advantage of in the attack, it establishes why it occurred, refurbish the spoilt systems, and execute an eventuality plan if availableâ⬠(Pfleeger, 2008, p. 657). Reactive and proactive strategy work hand in hand to buildup security controls to mitigate intrusion and the destruction caused during such incidences.Advertising Looking for assessment on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Assess the Damage Identify the destruction that occurred during the intrusion. This process should be executed very quickly so that reconstruction of the system can commence as soon as possible. Establish the Source of the Damage This can be achieved by analyzing the system logs because they give clue about the origin of the attack. System and audit logs can also be examined because they are also instrumental in tracing the source of an attack. Repair the Damage Reconstruction of the system should be done immediately after detecting the source of the attack to facilitate the execution of usual operations and whatever information misplaced during the interruption. Document and Learn Where feasible, all attack situations must be analyzed and documented to identify the most appropriate security steps and controls that can secure the system. The security group should handle cases such as insider attacks and viruses. Such efforts generate skills that a company can apply and data to give out before and after incidents. In addition, the security team is supposed to examine any unfamiliar occurrence which may involve system controls. Documentation must encompass all the facets of the attack which can possibly be identified. Documentation will assist in adjusting proactive strategies for curbing potential intrusion or reducing destructions. Implement Contingency Plan If there is a contingency arrangement, it can be put into operation to avoid time wastage and to maintain business operations. In a situation whereby there is no emergency plan, create a suitable plan based on the evidence from the previous step. Review Outcome ââ¬Å"Examining the outcome is important and should involve: loss in efficiency, information or mislaid, and the used to reorganize the systemâ⬠(Pfleeger, 2008, p. 678). If possible, list the type of attack, its source, the mechanisms that were used to execute it, and the loopholes that were exploited. Review Policy Effectiveness If there ar e policies to guard against an intrusion that has occurred, they must be examined, reviewed and tested out for their efficiency. New polices must be created if they have not been used before to reduce potential attacks. Amend Policy Properly If the policy is of poor quality, it must be upgraded properly. Updating of polices should only be undertaken by an authorized personnel that deals with system securities. Moreover, a security policy can be configured in a manner that it only allows the users to access the system during the normal working hours. This reduces hacking incidences. Conclusion The security managers of Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale should determine the amount of time and resources that can enable them to create effective security controls. Apart from setting up an efficient security strategy, security auditors need to realize that security is a full time need in the organization. Hence, they should always update their security system regularly. This assessment on Cyber Security was written and submitted by user Vihaan Ingram to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-88315973709712087242020-03-09T02:09:00.001-07:002020-03-09T02:09:02.725-07:00Free Essays on T.V. ViolenceWhat has the world come to these days? It often seems like everywhere one looks, violence rears its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. The last of these is a major source of violence. In many peoples' living rooms there sits an outlet for violence that often goes unnoticed. It is the television, and the children who view it are often pulled into its realistic world of violence scenes with sometimes devastating results. Much research has gone into showing why children are so mesmerized by this big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that it is definitely a major source of violent behavior in children. The research proves time and time again that aggression and television viewing do go hand in hand. The truth about television violence and children has been shown. Some are trying to fight this problem. Others are ignoring it and hoping it will go away. Still others don't even seem to care. However, the facts are undeniable. The studies have been carried out and all the results point to one conclusion: Television violence causes children to be violent and the effects can be life-long. The information can't be ignored. Violent television viewing does affect children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. In New York, a 16-year-old boy broke into a cellar. When the police caught him and asked him why he was wearing gloves he replied that he had learned to do so to not leave fingerprints and that he discovered this on television. In Alabama, a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested sending the teacher poisoned candy as revenge as he had seen on television the night before. In California, a seven-year-old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television. Thes... Free Essays on T.V. Violence Free Essays on T.V. Violence What has the world come to these days? It often seems like everywhere one looks, violence rears its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. The last of these is a major source of violence. In many peoples' living rooms there sits an outlet for violence that often goes unnoticed. It is the television, and the children who view it are often pulled into its realistic world of violence scenes with sometimes devastating results. Much research has gone into showing why children are so mesmerized by this big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that it is definitely a major source of violent behavior in children. The research proves time and time again that aggression and television viewing do go hand in hand. The truth about television violence and children has been shown. Some are trying to fight this problem. Others are ignoring it and hoping it will go away. Still others don't even seem to care. However, the facts are undeniable. The studies have been carried out and all the results point to one conclusion: Television violence causes children to be violent and the effects can be life-long. The information can't be ignored. Violent television viewing does affect children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. In New York, a 16-year-old boy broke into a cellar. When the police caught him and asked him why he was wearing gloves he replied that he had learned to do so to not leave fingerprints and that he discovered this on television. In Alabama, a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested sending the teacher poisoned candy as revenge as he had seen on television the night before. In California, a seven-year-old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television. Thes... bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-59169541660189191002020-02-21T16:33:00.001-08:002020-02-21T16:33:02.766-08:00Short Story Theme Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsShort Story Theme - Essay Example One day Mrs. Obrian heard a delicate thump at the kitchen entryway. When she opened the entryway, she saw Mr. Ramirez and two cops, one on each one side of him. Mrs. Obrian asked what had happened. To start with Mr. Ramirez was succeeding, and he did not appear to have words to clarify. Anyhow before long he said: "I have been here thirty months." Also, one of the policemen said that it was six months excessively long and that he just had an interim visa. At that point, Mr. Ramirez said: "So here I am, to let you know I must surrender my room." She inquired as to whether he was backtracking to Mexico. Also, he said that he was, once again to Lagos. Mrs. Obrian felt exceptionally sad for him. Mr. Ramirez had officially gathered his pack, and he gave the keys to Mrs. Obrian. He let her know that she had been a decent inhabitant, and he thanked her. Mrs. Obrian said that she was certain too bad. Moreover, after that Mr. Ramirez said that he would not like to about-face, because he prefe rred it there and needed to remain. He had worked there and earned a ton of cash, so he felt exceptionally miserable when he needed to backpedal to Mexico. Whats more, all of a sudden he expressed crying. His detaches were moving from under his eyelids. He connected his hands and took Mrs. Obrians hand intensely, shaking it, wringing it and expecting to remember. Moreover, afterward he said: "Mrs. Obrian, I see you never, I see you never!" The policemen grinned at this, yet Mr. Ramirez did not perceive it, and they quit grinning soon. Also, Mr. Ramirez proceeded with: "Farewell, Mrs. Obrian. You have respected me. Gracious, farewell, Mrs. Obrian. I see you never!" The title of this story and the conduct of the inhabitant, Mr. Ramirez, demonstrate that ungainly dialect or erroneous lingual authority can express significant contemplations. As Mr. Ramirez is leaving and saying farewell to his landowner, Mrs. Obrien, bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-26546400846419346892020-02-05T10:37:00.001-08:002020-02-05T10:37:02.994-08:00To what extent does states can to cooperates from realists perspective EssayTo what extent does states can to cooperates from realists perspective - Essay Example In the modern world, a bunch of subjects compete for attention as a result of the proliferation of issues that every international relations theory seeks to acknowledge (Jan, 2008, p 473; Brown, 1998, p 26). There are three prominent theories that endeavor to explain international relations and cooperation. These are the realism theory, constructivism theory and the liberal theory. This discussion seeks to explore the extent in which countries can cooperate from a realistââ¬â¢s perspective. Cooperation of most states arises in a realist manner where countries unite at the face of adversity. When countries perceive an increasing threat that may interfere with their interests, they collaborate momentarily. For instance, some of the Gulf States joined hands with Saudi Arabia at the looming threat of conflict between Iraq and Iran. As a GCC member state, Saudi Arabia was concerned that some small states may collaborate with either Iran or Iraq, both of which are its adversaries. Saudi Arabia reached for the smaller Gulf States to unite momentary to counter the regional hegemony wars involving Iraq and Iran. Further, cooperation between member states happens when the six states making up the GCC perceive a common interest in the cooperation. Cooperation of the member states happens mostly on economic basis. It is for that reason that there exists fluid cooperation on other aspects affecting individual states. Cooperation in a realist world happens when states have great interest in two principal areas; security and economics. What is realism? Realism theory of international relations views world politics as being advanced by competing self interests. Proponents of realism theory observe that the tensions and relations between countries is a battle of supremacy in which every country wants to preserve and enhance its military security and economic welfare at the expense of other nations. Unlike the liberal theory, that views international relations as a win-win si tuation, realist theory perceives international relations as a zero-sum game. This implies that gains in one nation come at the cost of others (Gismondi, 2008). Conventional realism stemmed from the failure to maintain peace after world war one. Realist theory is linked with terms such as realpolitik, geopolitics and balance of power. Realism theory presents grim view of global relations as being in a unending state of conflict and war. Power, economic and material possessions, capabilities and security motivate and guide state more than humanity and altruism values. Modern realism Modern realism started as a reaction to the breakdown of the international order of the post world war one in 1930s. The collapse of great power cooperation after the Second World War helped form realism as the dominant approach to the premise and application of global politics in the United States. During the cold war, endeavors to replace realism from its prevailing position were continuously disillusio ned by the unending salience of the soviet-America antagonism. The cold war antagonism, however, ended in early 1990s after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, leaving United States as the key superpower. However, china is emerging as a superpower, countering the United States unipolar moment. Basic tenets of realism theo bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-14656151954052883882020-01-28T07:00:00.001-08:002020-01-28T07:00:07.666-08:00Sociological theoriesSociological theories Now a days social workers are expected to write their reports in a coherent way, justifying it using theory and research. Sociology offers some important social theories, which provide explanations and critiques of human behavior, social actions and interactions as well as the institutions and the structures of society. The fact that social work is concerned with social change and problem solving is precisely why sociology is important to social work. In this essay I have selected two sociological theories to examine and understand Ms. Bs situation. I will be applying these theories to my understanding of my position as a social worker. The essay will also consider how these theories or perspectives helped my thinking about Ms. Bs situation and how these theories or perspectives were unhelpful in my understanding of Ms. Bs situation. In this essay I will also considers what other theory might have been applied, and as an integral part of the essay, considering anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice. Functionalism views society made up from numerous interconnected parts which together form a system. The basic part of this breakdown is the society, and its variety of parts can be understood in terms of their collective relationship. In the initial stages of this theory Functionalism drew comparisons between society and the human body. Mainly this comparison existed since they viewed the society operating in theory in a similar way of the human body. Therefore, for one to understand the function of an organ in the human atonomy, for example the heart, it is essential to understand its relationship with the other organs in the human body and especially, its contribution towards the maintaining of the organism. Thus, functionalism argues that, an analysis and examination of the functioning of society is therefore important as it illustrates its relationship with the other parts of society, and most importantly, its contribution to the maintenance of society. According to Emile Durkheim (1895), the founder of Functionalism, crime and deviance are normal and necessary. Given that they are found in all societies, functionalists argue that it is a form of social change, as through deviance the society would learn about the accepted behaviour. However, too much crime can bring on a state of anomie, which is a state of normlessness in society. This arises when cultural goals and structural means of achieving those goals is unbalanced. The anomie state would result in conflicting the agreement of the functioning of society. Durkheim described the state of anomie as a feeling of aimlessness or despairtraditional moral controls and standards are largely broken downthis leaves many individuals in society feeling lack of meaning in their daily lives.Giddens(2006, p 14) Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then strain occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory modified the Durkheimsà Anomie to refer to the strain put on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality. While the symbolic interactionalist theory are more concerned with agencies of social control; how they label certain behavior as deviant and the effects of these labels. Interactionists dispute the functionalist assumption that there is an agreement throughout society as to what behavior is criminal or deviant. They aimed to find out why certain behavior was labeled as criminal or deviant in some contexts but not in others. Howard Becker was one of the initiators of the labelling theory, he stated that Social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infractions constitute deviance, and by applying these rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders. REF The labelling theory looks at how the social response to crime is made and how certain behaviour comes to be considered deviant or criminal. Labelling theory also suggests that the very imposition of social judgments on certain individuals, helps turn those individuals even more into paths of criminality that have been already identified. The labelling becomes a self-fulfillment prophecy as the stigma, or label, only pushes the offender further in the direction of criminality. In simple terms, give a dog a bad name he will become a bad dog,à Llewellyn et al (2001, p 90). The theoretical formulations of Colley (1992) and Mead (1934) have served as a source when trying to understand the self-fulfilling prophecy. They both argue that social interaction is the basis upon which an individual formulates his or her self-concept. Cooley and Mead models give examples of the individuals conception which arises through interaction with other members of the society that constitute his/her significant social circle. Specifically, the social looking glass theory posits that ones self-conception is determined by the way in which it is reflected or mirrored through the eyes of the other people involved, Allen (2001, p 58). As a SW, I believe it is my responsibility to try to really understand the SUs situation, from their perspective. Thinking about Ms. Bs situation, in terms of the two theories is very useful to me as a SW as sociological theories are helpful in providing insights into the perspectives of the SU. Therefore these two theories are helpful in helping to identify how Ms Bs situation may have come to being constructed and, so can be understood. For example, functionalism could help me understand Ms. Bs situation from the perspective of Ms. Bs culture, race, gender and mental health status: Ms. B could potentially, be multiply discriminated against along any of these. Analyzing and examining the SUs problems in a functionalist view can, therefore, give structure to my understanding of the problem as a social worker. Especially in terms of how SUs might be discriminated or oppressed against, Dominelli (2002). For instance, in Ms B. case, a functionalist analysis to her situation would consider the behavior of Ms B. as deviant, because it is preventing her from participating in society. She is seen as unable to fulfill her role as a mother and her social interactions are affected. Supposing that she has permit to work, it would be not possible for her to find or maintain a job due to her deviant behavior. Functionalists would consider this as a faulty socialization. Furthermore functionalism would view this situation as costing to society, as a result not contributing to the maintenance of the society functioning. This fault in socialization has to be fixed in order for Ms B. to fully participate in society and contribute in its maintenance; as a result the label put on her would be a form of social control. However as a consequence to the label, Ms B. would feel that her culture, race and gender are not taken into account and that she is being discriminated against, she may feel oppressed and at the same time socially stigmatized. The Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory would be very helpful in better understanding Ms B. behavior. Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then strain occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory modified the Durkheims Anomie to refer to the strain put on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality.REF Linking this to the case of Ms B, her asspiration to enter paid employment does not coincide with her immigration status. Therefore this disparity between desires and fulfillment will be felt in deviant motivation. Evenmore this could be the point where Mrs B feels the strain and as a result deviates from the societies norms. Due to the variety of problems that Ms B. is currently facing, Agnew (1992) in Levinson (2002) would give another functionalist view to better understand her reaction to the label. He argues how the strain theory can lead to other deviant adoptions. Agnew criticizes the earlier strain theory, he argued that strain theory should generalize the concept to include all negative relations with others, rather than just the negative relations that are the result of striving from uneatable, but culturally mandated goals. Levinson (2002, p 79). It is not so much the unique quality no any single event but the accumulation of several stressful events within a relatively short time span that is consequential) Agnew (1992,) as cited in Levinson (2002, p 62-63). Ms B. immigration status may feel very oppressing to her. By not taking the medication prescribed as well as reacting in a deviant way, is the only way in which Ms B. can show her anger, which is accumulated by many issues during a short time. Agnew placed great importance to the feeling of anger as he argued that anger is the key emotion because it increases the individuals level of felt injury, creates a desire for retaliation/revenge, energizes the individual for action, and lowers inhibitions, in part because individuals believe that others will feel their aggression is justified as cited in Levinson (2002, p 60). While functionalism helped me to reflect on the possible ways a person can be discriminated against; even more it placed a great emphasis on my understanding of the importance of being culturally competent, especially in the profession of social work. In the other hand the labelling theory not only lead me to a deeper understanding of Ms B situations but also, helped me to understand the potential start of Ms Bs deviance behavior. For instance, once the label of mental ill was given to Ms B, she may well have chosen to simply organize her life around that label and adopt the new identity that was endorsed on her. In this way the self fulfilling prophecy comes into play. The act of labelling Ms B as someone with scrixophenia would had an adverse effect on her future behaviour. Deviance can be defined as a failure to conform to culturally expected norms of behaviour, which reflect the dominant values and rules of groups or society in a given period, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90). As the labelling theory argues that the person is categorized and classified as deviant ; the stereotyped person has their identity reinforced, which in turn promotes the deviant behaviour that it is intended to prevent, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90). When reading and applying the functionalist theory, it is obvious that this theory assumes that the middle class values are accepted throughout society. Therefore whoever deviates from this values it is regarded as having a faulty socialization. Even more as we see on the Anomie theory and the adapted strain theory, one can understand that there is an assumption that everyone aspires the same level of success. The labelling theory has been very helpful in developing policies, such as diversion from the courts and the criminal justice systems. However the labelling theory has its own limitations, it can be argued that it is too deterministic as it assumes that the deviant will accept the label, some people fight against the label and prove it wrong. As well as it does not consider the process that lead to the deviant behavior. There are other sociological theories that could also have helped to explain other aspects of Ms. Bs life, such as her living in poverty, which can lead Ms. B to be discriminated against and oppressed by mainstream society. Marxism conflict theory and anti-racist theory/black perspectives, would have been helpful in achieving a bigger picture of Ms B situation. For example Marxist would argue that Ms B is being oppressed against due to her social class, poverty and her ethnicity. There are past and current studies to show that a high number of people from black ethnicities, are being diagnosed with schizophrenia, with some studies reporting between two to eight times higher rates of diagnosis, compared to the White population mind.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09). Even more the past detention of Ms B under the mental health act would coincide with the fact that people from black ethnicities are more likely to be held under the Mental Health Act, and to receive medication rather than be offered therapies such as psychotherapy mentalhealth.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09). Applying the black feminist theories could have explored more about Ms B current situation, Black feminist would argue that Ms B may be facing oppression from her partner as well as they would argue about the mental label being ascribed to her as a result of her gender but most importantly her ethnicity. Also it is important to note that only the difference between Black Caribbean women and White women can be considered as statistically significant mind.org.uk (accessed: 28/12/09) In summary, it is obvious that actively considering and using sociological theories can allow meaningful analyses of the SUs problems.à As a result the SW practice becomes applied more, and of more use to the SUs. Theories would provide informed solutions to SUs problems in a more anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory manner (Dominelli, 2002).à In conclusion one of the barriers to social work participation would be when service users are viewed in a stereotypical way, by the social worker. Every individual has a unique perspective of the world, and as such should be treated as an individual regardless of illness, colour or belief system. It is important that those in need of help and guidance be given access to it, and that the best possible outcome for the service user, is secured. This should be done with the help and support of all those involved, including health care professionals, social workers and the service users themselves, in order to enable individuals to become more independent and re-integrated back into society. References Jones, P., (2003). Introducing Social Theory. Polity, London. Gidens, A., (2006). Sociology , 5th Edition, Polity Levinson,à D.,à (2002). Encyclopedia of crime and punishment, Volume 1, SAGE Cunningham, J., Cunningham, S., (2008) Sociology and Social Work. Learning Matters. Dominelli, L. (2002). Anti-oppressive social work theory and practice. Palgrave MacMillan. Fernando, S. (2002). Mental Health Race and Culture. Palgrave. Rogers, A. and Pilgrim, D. (2003). Mental Health and Inequality. Palgrave. Macionis, J. J., Plummer, K., (2008). Sociology: A Global Introduction. Pearson. Haralambos, M., Holborn, M., (2008). Sociology: themes and perspectives. Collins. Llewellyn, A., Agu, L., Mercer, D., (2008). Sociology for Social Workers. Polity. Allen, L. R., (2001). The concept of self: a study of black identity and self-esteem.Wayne State University Press, http://www.mind.org.uk/help/people_groups_and_communities/statistics_3_race_culture_and_mental_healthà à à à à à à à à à à à à (Accesed:28/12/09) http://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/information/mental-health-a-z/black-minority-ethnic-communities/#Afro_Carib à à à à à à à à à à à à à (Accessed: 16/12/09) bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-67457720769100717332020-01-20T03:24:00.001-08:002020-01-20T03:24:03.455-08:00Rise of Nazism :: essays research papers - Hitler was fully responsible for the order for the mass executions in Poland in 1939 and 1940. He was also actively engaged in setting up plans for a Jewish reservation in Poland and he backed the Madagascar plan. He was continually preoccupied with further deportations and deportation plans. - In 1941 Hitler ordered the extermination of every potential enemy in the occupied Eastern territories. He was fully aware of mass executions of Jewish civilians in the occupied Eastern territories. - In mid September 1941 Hitler ordered the beginning of mass deportations from Germany to ghettos in Eastern Europe. During Autumn 1941 and the following Winter, when preparation for the "Final Solution" in Europe were in full swing, Hitler spoke at various occasions openly about the annihilation of the Jews in Europe. It can be ruled out that the massive preparations for the systematic murder of European Jews in extermination camps in Poland, undertaken in Spring and Summer of 1942, were taken without his consent or his knowledge. - Private diaries of Nazi propaganda maestro Joseph Goebbels and Gestapo chief Heinrich Himmler unearthed from the secret Soviet archives show that Adolf Hitler personally ordered the mass extermination of Jews on December 12, 1941 during a meeting of Nazi German regional governors in the chancellery. As Goebbels wrote "With regards to the Jewish question, the Fuhrer decided to make a clean sweep." - And from a number of letters and speeches of Himmler it becomes clear, that the Reichsfà ¼hrer SS referred to the Holocaust as a task which he had to carry out on the behalf of the highest authority in the Third Reich - Adolf Hitler. - In Germany concentration camps were set up after 1933 to detain without legal procedure Jews, Communists, Gypsies, homosexuals, and others. During world war II extermination, or death, camps were established for the sole purpose of killing men, women, and children. In the most notorious camps - Auschwitz, Treblinka, and Majdanek in Poland, Buchenwald and Dachau in Germany - more than 6 million people, mostly Jews and Poles, were killed in gas chambers. Millions of others were also interned during the war, and a large proportion died of gross mistreatment, malnutrition, and disease. - The idea that the Holocaust represents 11 million lives that abruptly ended is a difficult concept, but this is an important point. The Holocaust was the extermination of people not for who they were but for what they were. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-9424383836771380722020-01-11T23:48:00.001-08:002020-01-11T23:48:03.438-08:00Religious DiscriminationThe Importance of Religious Discrimination & Sexual Harassment Laws in the Workplace The Importance of Laws in the Workplace Rights as an employee vary from job to job, however there are basic rights that exist for all employees. All employees have a right to be treated fairly, have a safe environment to work in, be free from discrimination and to be free from harassment. There are laws that have been established to insure that these basic rights are protected. Among these are laws against religious discrimination and sexual harassment.Not only are they important, they are essential. Laws pertaining to religious discrimination and sexual harassment are important in the workplace because they set a standard to be followed. Religious discrimination is defined as discrimination of an employee based on religious beliefs or practices. Religious discrimination can also be filed against an employer because adequate accommodations are not made by an employer for an employee. ((2008). R. Math is, Human Resource Management. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. Sexual harassment is broken down into two categories; quid pro quo is when your employment outcome is linked to the compliance or noncompliance of a sexual demand. The second is hostile environment which is when an employee is subject to unwelcome verbal or physical sexual behavior, including requests for sexual favors and other conduct of a sexual nature that is either so severe or pervasive that it adversely affects her or his ability to do work. ((2008). R. Mathis, Human Resource Management. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. With all of the focus on sexual orientation and sexual preference today it is very important that employees and employers are educated on what is acceptable and what is not. Sexual harassment is a violation of human rights and it affects employees, employers and the society as a whole. Research has shown that workplaces in which harassment is allowed are likely to have a sharp fall in productivi ty. Sexual harassment leads to increased absence, high turnover of staff and loss of valuable employees and to a poor public image of the company.By having laws governing what is allowed and acceptable there is no guess work. This helps to eliminate lawsuits and court cases. It also helps to provide a working environment conducive to all. The same goes for religion. With the increasing amount of religious diversity we have in the United States and in the workforce it is important that there are laws to protect the interest of employers and employees. Religion is a set of beliefs and religious beliefs will rarely affect the duties of our employment.Laws are in place so that employers have to make reasonable accommodations to the religious needs of workers if it is practical to do so and not exceedingly difficult on the company or other workers. Some accommodations to be considered are relaxing the dress code for the wearing of religious garments, praying and attending worship service s. However, the law does allow employers to fairly question employees about their need for accommodation and offer reasonable alternatives. Workplace discrimination is a huge issue.It spreads negativity and has a devastating effect on any organization, the individual, and society. This is why these laws are so important to the workplace. Bibliography (2008). In R. Mathis, Human Resource Management. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. http://www1. umn. edu/humanrts/svaw/harassment/explore/4effects. htm (2007) Miner-Rubino K, & Cortina LM, Beyond targets: consequences of vicarious exposure to misogyny at work. The Journal of applied psychology, 92 (5), 1254-69 PMID: 17845084 bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-21413286401303317192020-01-03T20:10:00.001-08:002020-01-03T20:10:02.759-08:00The Letter Sent By Dean John Ellison - 1495 Words MORINE KIMANI. WRIT-B190. It is overwhelming that the original connotation behind safe spaces has gradually stemmed into different trajectories. In this vein, the sentiments and reactions that hovered the web in awe of the acceptance letter sent by Dean John Ellison, from the University of Chicago, to the incoming class of 2020 took coals to Newcastle. In the letter, the dean apprised the lot that, ââ¬Å"Our commitment to academic freedom means that we do not support so-called ââ¬Å"trigger warnings,â⬠we do not cancel invited speakers because their topics might prove controversial, and we do not condone the creation of intellectual ââ¬Å"safe spacesâ⬠where individuals can retreat from ideas and perspectives at odds with their own.â⬠Some people,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Also, they were to provide therapeutic services to those who happened to be victims of PTSD, trauma, assault, and any form of violence. In most cases, they concentrate on issues like sexism, racism, ableism, islamophob ia, and trans-antagonism. See, all for a good course! However, the same society that had once put itself in their own shoes and had made an informed decision of having them and warning labels in our institutions too-where contents, films, or materials with graphic elaborations of such experiences-is the same (with a fair share of its population) feeling the need to disintegrate from the idea of having the so called ââ¬Å"safe spacesâ⬠and ââ¬Å"trigger-warningsâ⬠in higher education institutions. Foremost, many activists in favor of safe spaces now want the entire campus turned into a safe space. Well, there are many designated places for minorities like Hillel house for the Jewish student community in most campuses. Even in our very own, Bryn Mawr College, we have the Perry house and Enid Cook center for the black students. Also, they are other smaller meeting places for other groups. Such spaces are okay since they don t interfere with others who do not conform to them. However, you cannot ban other beneficiaries of these institutions from certain behaviors simply because you hold a belief that they are not right. For example, in one of the courses, a student was concerned about the use of the words you guys Show MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance And Its Impact On Ralph Ellison s Book The Invisible Man Essay2165 Words à |à 9 Pagesbook The Invisible Man. This paper will illustrate how the Harlem Renaissance assisted the African-American intellectual community to gain acceptance in mainstream America and prompted the writing of the book The Invisible Man, written by Ralph Ellison. Throughout this paper, I will examine the social context and climate of Ellisonââ¬â¢s work. This paper will focus on the experience of a young African American man who claims to be invisible. However, the young man argues that his invisibility is notRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words à |à 102 Pagesher as a slave. Her first husband, Lewis Leary, was killed in 1859 at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, during John Browns raid on the federal arsenal. Throughout Mary Langstons life, she treasured Lewiss bullet-riddled shawl, an emblem of his martyrdom. She often covered young Langston with it as he slept on her daybed. Mary Langstons first husband, Lewis Leary, had participated in John Browns raid against the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry. (Library of Congress) In 1869, Grandmother MaryRead MoreBest article11361 Words à |à 46 Pagesthe computer system for each trip. This approach economizes on operating costs since it requires no effort to keep track of mileage. Based on some negative advertising by United about Southwestââ¬â¢s frequent flyer program, Herb Kelleher recently sent a letter to all Company Club members detailing how awards from Southwest took less mileage to obtain and were more widely available than other airlines. Kelleher argues that Southwestââ¬â¢s program ââ¬Å"is the greatest value because it gives you free travelRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words à |à 860 PagesEDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words à |à 261 Pagesclear: - User Expectation - Business Value - Uniform Requirement Understanding amongs stakeholders and has still failed. Thanks Mathew for bring up this interesting topic. -Suresh 10. [pic] John Astrello Senior Consultant at Pinnacle Project Management Consultants These are all good comments, and I am certain very well intended. However, there is another thought also. In early June, I wrote an article and published it viaRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesmarketing and sales staff. More than one hundred instructors reviewed parts or all of Organizational Behavior, Fifteenth Edition. Their comments, compliments, and suggestions have significantly improved the final product. The authors wish to thank John D. Kammeyer-Mueller of the University of Florida for help with several key aspects of this revision. The authors would also like to extend their sincerest thanks to the following instructors: Lee Boam, University of Utah Andres Johnson, Santa ClaraRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words à |à 1351 Pagesshattered when it compared its ratios with those of other light engineering firms of its type. Figure 3.25 is an extract from the results ââ¬â it gives the figures of only five of the twenty-two participating firms. OPQ Ltdââ¬â¢s figures are shown under letter C. In this year, the firmââ¬â¢s operating profit on assets employed is well below that of two other firms, and this appears to be due to its profit on sales (Ratio 2) being relatively low. This in turn is mainly due to the firmââ¬â¢s high distribution and bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-66142056531892672302019-12-26T16:37:00.001-08:002019-12-26T16:37:03.006-08:00An Introduction to Tennis bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-4069453048774669452019-12-18T12:25:00.001-08:002019-12-18T12:25:03.604-08:00Essay about European Gothic Architecture ââ¬ÅLos Angeles... The history of Architecture started long time ago. The nomadic were groups of people whom move from one place to another in order find shelter and food to survive. As they progress, their techniques to survive evolve. The need for a permanent shelter became vital for a better stability of the group. This is the time when the first structures that provided protection appeared. Post and lintel were the first forms of Architecture, that satisficed the basic needs. Architecture evolved to be more sophisticated and fulfill the peopleââ¬â¢s needs. Consequently, Architecture evolved throughout different periods such as: Ancient architecture, Romanesque, The medieval, Renaissance, Early modern, and the industrial age, Modernism and Contemporaryâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦These buildings would be the largest buildings that humans would admire for a long period. Gothic Architecture is mainly relating to cathedrals and churches from that time. The majestic building is very powerful when i t comes to feelings and emotions. Some of those main characteristics of the Gothic Architecture are the pointed arcs, ribbed vaults and flying buttress, stained glass windows, complex decoration, towers and some other details. The origins of the pointed arcs used in gothic Architecture come from the pre-Islamic and Islamic Architecture. Two-barrel vaults intersecting in a perpendicular way compose the ribbed vaults; this would give more strength to the building allowing for more windows at higher places. Flying buttress has to purpose to resist horizontal forces, by redirecting to force to the ground. The stained glass windows were ecclesiastic windows that allow light from the highest points of the building. Some of the complex decoration refers to the amount of detail such as statues, paints, and scripts on the walls. All of the above are the characteristics that the Gothic Architecture presented during that period. Now days, some of the main concepts are being taken and applied to modern buildings such as the Cat hedral of our Lady of the Angels, also known as the Cathedral of Los Angeles. It was design by the Spanish Architect Josà © Rafael Moneo (1937-present). In 1996, he was appointing bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-8673743778208750232019-12-10T09:08:00.001-08:002019-12-10T09:08:03.303-08:00Organizational Leadership of Wal-Mart â⬠Myassignmenthelp.com Question: What are the focus areas of your organization? For example, is your organization focused solely on the pursuit of a profit, or is it focused on corporate citizenship and stewardship, or somewhere in between? How do these focus areas relate to the Seven Levels on an Ethical Organization? What level(s) is your organization operating at? What challenges or opportunities does this present when leading Project Teams? Answer: Introduction Seven levels of ethics of an organization define the stage of growth and development of the organization. This model can be applied to all type of organization like government, institution, Municipal Corporation and also the non government organization. The seven levels of ethics are service, making a difference, internal cohesion, transformation, self-esteem, relationship, survival (Garriga Mel, 2013). The company that has been chosen in this study for showing the seven levels of ethics is Wal-Mart in USA. Wal-Mart is a multinational retail corporation in USA that operates chain of discount department, Hypermarket and grocery shop. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962. It is the largest company in the world by its revenue. The products that this company sold are Home furniture, electronics, footwear, jewelry, pet, grocery and craft (Walmart.com, 2016). This study introduces the corporate citizenship of Wal-Mart and also relates that things to the seven levels of ethics. Focus area of the organization As per the survey of 2014, the revenue of Wal-Mart is US$485.651billion. It shows that the profit earning of the company is very high. The company serves worldwide customers. Most of the people consume their home furniture and jewelry from this company. The jewelry that this company sold is targeted toward the young generation because the jewelry is made in modern pattern. In January 2011, Wal-Mart announced a program that it will increase the nutritious value of the food that it supplies (Walmart.com, 2016). It has been seen that with making profit the company is also focused on the making corporate citizenship. In the beginning of 2005, Wal-Mart started to address the global impact adopting the sustainability program that revamped everything of the company. The Company is mainly famous for providing low cost product. Wal-Mart has implemented some of the initiatives toward the corporate citizenship which are explained below: Social responsibility: The Company has promoted economic empowerment of the women. It also gives more American access to the healthy food and relieves the hunger of the people. Local responsibility: The Company makes microloans and implement nutritious school program. The local responsibility of the company can also be viewed as it assists in disaster relief and local farming (Wang et al. 2013). Wal-Mart has contributed $1billion for the improvement of the society. Environmental responsibility: The Company started to reduce plastic uses in the business. It has also eliminated landfill waste and maintained stricter guideline in corporate responsibility. Company responsibility: Wal-Mart has increased the stakeholder engagement. It has been seen that 28% of the female are the corporate officer of the company. From the above point it can be said that Wal-Mart runs its business in between the profit making strategy as well as corporate citizenship. Relation of the organization to seven levels of the ethics Service: The activity of Wal-Mart can be related to the service stage of the seven levels. This Company is working with Stylr Company for providing a mobile app that would help the customers to access the local store in their locality. Make a difference: Strategic alliance with the Stylr Company is mutually beneficial for the company (Carroll Buchholtz, 2015). The company hired a lot of women employees after the alliance with Stylr Company. It increases the internal communication of the organization. Internal cohesion: The Company provides high salary to its employees and most of the women employees are the corporate officer of the company. The vision of the company is being the top retailer in the mind and heart of the customers. This vision motivates the employees toward the goal and it also increases the internal cohesion of the organization. Transformation: Wal-Mart allows their employees to participate in the decision making process. The company also provides continuous learning to their employees. Wal-Mart has a special training program for the development of their employees. Self-Esteem: The organization creates the pride of the employees by setting appropriate policies and procedures that enhance the capability of the employees (Bhanji Oxley, 2013). The focus of the organization is to reduce the bureaucracy in the organizational hierarchy. Relationship: The organization reduces the use of plastic bag in their business. It builds strong relation with the community as it does not harm any person. Through providing low priced product the organization increases the customer loyalty. Survival: For the survival of the business, the organization focuses on the health and safety of the customers (Pavez Beveridge, 2013). The organization started to provide low fat and healthy food to their customers. From the above discussion it can be said that Wal-Mart is operating at the relationship stage where it is trying to build a strong relationship with the community by reducing the use of plastic bag and hiring women candidate for the vacant position. Challenges and opportunity for leading the team While Wal-Mart started to produce low fat food, it had faced challenges in getting good supplier for food material. At the time of packaging it has selected tin container rather than plastic containers. As a result the price of the food products has increased. On the other hand, it has been found that US citizen is too much educated regarding health and safety. Thus, such customers have never compromised in buying higher priced product (Dahan et al. 2013). The organization has hired 28% of corporate officers to be women but such candidates are lacking practical knowledge of management, which is a challenge for Wal-Mart. On the other hand, these women officials are always engaged in developing creative ideas in the field of marketing, which is an opportunity. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that Wal-Mart is the highest revenue generated retail organization in united state. However, the organization not only runs its business on only profit basis, it also maintains a high level of corporate citizenship. Organization reduces the use of plastic packets for reducing the pollution of the environment. It has been found that the corporate citizenship of the organization can be related with the seven levels of ethics. References Bhanji, Z., Oxley, J. E. (2013). Overcoming the dual liability of foreignness and privateness in international corporate citizenship partnerships. Journal of International Business Studies, 44(4), 290-311. Carroll, A. B., Buchholtz, A. K. (2015). Corporate Citizenship: Social Responsibility, Responsiveness, and Performance. Classics of Organization Theory, 439. Dahan, N. M., Hadani, M., Schuler, D. A. (2013). The governance challenges of corporate political activity. Business Society, 0007650313491470. Garriga, E., Mel, D. (2013). Corporate social responsibility theories: Mapping the territory. InCitation Classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 69-96). Springer Netherlands. Pavez, I., Beveridge, A. J. (2013, January). Corporate social responsibility, corporate citizenship and corporate sustainability: A critical review. In73rd Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Orlando, USA. Walmart.com,. (2016).Store Finder - Walmart.com. Retrieved 22 January 2016, from https://www.walmart.com/store/finder Wang, Y. J., Tsai, Y. H., Lin, C. P. (2013). Modeling the relationship between perceived corporate citizenship and organizational commitment considering organizational trust as a moderator.Business Ethics: A European Review,22(2), 218-233. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-12125316538057801802019-12-02T20:49:00.001-08:002019-12-02T20:49:02.951-08:00Jeremy Bentham Essays - Utilitarianism, Social Philosophy Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham Over time, the actions of mankind have been the victim of two vague labels, right and wrong. The criteria for these labels are not clearly defined, but they still seem to be the standard by which the actions of man are judged. There are some people that abide by a deontological view when it comes to judging the nature of actions; the deontological view holds that it is a person's intention that makes an action right or wrong. On the other hand there is the teleological view which holds that it is the result of an action is what makes that act right or wrong. In this essay I will be dealing with utilitarianism, a philosophical principle that holds a teleological view when it comes the nature of actions. To solely discuss utilitarianism is much too broad of topic and must be broken down, so I will discuss specifically quantitative utilitarianism as presented by Jeremy Bentham. In this essay I will present the argument of Bentham supporting his respective form of utilitarianism and I wi ll give my critique of this argument along the way. Before the main discussion of the Bentham's utilitarianism gets underway, lets first establish what utilitarianism is. As stated in the introduction, utilitarianism is a teleological philosophy that is primarily concerned with the results of an action when determining the nature of that act. Utilitarianism operates primarily under the greater happiness principal, in other words, utilitarians believe that one should only act in such a way that the results of that act should produce the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest for the greatest number of people. It is due to this view that utilitarianism is often criticized for being too hedonistic because it places the moral value of an act only on how much that act effects happiness. The teleological nature of utilitarianism also can serve as a problem because it pays no attention to the intention an action and can make acts of an immoral nature justifiably right. I will use the example that a professor of mine used in which a ma n tries to snatch an old lady's purse and in his struggle to do so he pulls her out of the way of a speeding vehicle thus saving her life. This act, although it started with mischievous intent, ended with a life being saved and surely produced the greatest amount of happiness for the old lady. In the utilitarian eye this act is morally acceptable and right due to the fact that happiness was produced. Jeremy Bentham was a utilitarian philosopher with his own version of this particular of this teleological view called Quantitative Utilitarianism. Bentham's utilitarianism argument starts by giving his principle of utility which judges all actions based on its tendency to promote or diminish happiness of whoever is involved, be it a community or an individual. According to Bentham, an action is right if, it increases happiness and decreases suffering and is wrong it does not. Also included in his view of utilitarianism is a way to calculate the general tendency of any act and its affect on a community. The calculation is based on the seven circumstances of the act, which are: its intensity, its duration, its certainty or uncertainty, its propinquity or remoteness, its fecundity (tendency to be followed by sensations of like kind), its purity (tendency not to be followed by sensations of unlike kind), and its extent (number of people affected). With these circumstances in order, one c an start to calculate the nature of the act and according to Bentham after the completion of the process, one can make an accurate assessment of the true nature of the act. Here is where my critique of Bentham's Quantitative Utilitarianism comes into the picture. I will present Bentham's process in his own words and then offer my observation as to where he went wrong. The community is a fictitious body composed of the individual persons who are considered as constituting as it were members. The interest of the community then is, what?-the sum of the interests of the several members who compose it..To take an exact account then of the general tendency of any act, bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-57990734801626972512019-11-27T07:05:00.001-08:002019-11-27T07:05:03.597-08:00Free Essays on CharlmagnePepin the short, Charlemagneà ·Ã⢠father, was King of the Franks and annoited by the pope as divine leader. During his rule Pepin deported the Lombards from Rome. He pillaged their right to live in Rome. Then, he gave a large strip of Lombard land in central Italy to the pope. The pope now looked to the Franks as his protector. Then, in 768 Charlemagne became the Frankish king. At that time the Franks were falling back to barbarian ways like not caring about their education or religion. Europe was in chaos. The Saxons of northern Europe were still pagans. In the south the Roman Catholic Church was trying to assert its power against the Lombard Kingdom. Charlemagne was determined to bring Europe back to order by converting everyone to Christianity, making it be ruled by one government, and by educating people. Charlemagne wanted all of Western Europe to become Christian. Charlemagne launched a campaign to conquer and convert the pagan Saxons. It was treacherous to be a Saxon. He did not want there to be any perfidy. His illumination was that if they did not convert they would be put to death. In one day he had 4500 Saxons killed. All the heathens were to become Christian or they would suffer the wrath of Charlemagne. He decreed that a tithe of all the produce of the land should be turned over to the church. He was able to enlarge his kingdom which was called the Frankish Empire. It included Germany, France, Northern Spain, and most of Italy. Now most all of Europe was finally ruled by one government, and Charlemagne was in control. Charlemagne wanted to revise learning because not many western Europeans could read and write. He established a palace school at Aachen to educate his officials. This school enabled western Europeans to have a common set of ideas. Once Charlemagne tried to pay the Lombard King for the return of lands to the pope, but he refused so Charlemagne subdued, or subjugated his kingdom and restored the Papal States. H... Free Essays on Charlmagne Free Essays on Charlmagne Pepin the short, Charlemagneà ·Ã⢠father, was King of the Franks and annoited by the pope as divine leader. During his rule Pepin deported the Lombards from Rome. He pillaged their right to live in Rome. Then, he gave a large strip of Lombard land in central Italy to the pope. The pope now looked to the Franks as his protector. Then, in 768 Charlemagne became the Frankish king. At that time the Franks were falling back to barbarian ways like not caring about their education or religion. Europe was in chaos. The Saxons of northern Europe were still pagans. In the south the Roman Catholic Church was trying to assert its power against the Lombard Kingdom. Charlemagne was determined to bring Europe back to order by converting everyone to Christianity, making it be ruled by one government, and by educating people. Charlemagne wanted all of Western Europe to become Christian. Charlemagne launched a campaign to conquer and convert the pagan Saxons. It was treacherous to be a Saxon. He did not want there to be any perfidy. His illumination was that if they did not convert they would be put to death. In one day he had 4500 Saxons killed. All the heathens were to become Christian or they would suffer the wrath of Charlemagne. He decreed that a tithe of all the produce of the land should be turned over to the church. He was able to enlarge his kingdom which was called the Frankish Empire. It included Germany, France, Northern Spain, and most of Italy. Now most all of Europe was finally ruled by one government, and Charlemagne was in control. Charlemagne wanted to revise learning because not many western Europeans could read and write. He established a palace school at Aachen to educate his officials. This school enabled western Europeans to have a common set of ideas. Once Charlemagne tried to pay the Lombard King for the return of lands to the pope, but he refused so Charlemagne subdued, or subjugated his kingdom and restored the Papal States. H... bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-79795133438914406382019-11-23T14:39:00.001-08:002019-11-23T14:39:03.855-08:00Free Essays on Himavant of power that he chooses convey another message than their meaning. According to Eliotââ¬â¢s footnote and other sources, God is known to speak through thunder to the Indian Upanishads. The Upanishads are a collection of Indian speculations on the nature of reality and the soul and the relations between these two. Eliot has chosen these word because the Upanishads and himself share this common belief about the nature of reality. Now that God has spoken through the thunder and showed mercy by allowing rain to fall, ââ¬Å"th... Free Essays on Himavant Free Essays on Himavant Himavantâ⬠T.S. Eliotââ¬â¢s unique approach to postwar decay and redemption in The Waste Land has left readers stunned. Eliot goes into many descriptions of ââ¬Å"unrealâ⬠cities that continuously go through a cycle of destruction, rebuilding and then destruction again. Towards the end of the novel, a description of a horrid wasteland that seems to have no hope goes through a transformation back into a flourishing land, like an unreal city. The sacred river of the Indiaââ¬â¢s, the Ganges, which provides nature with its necessary resources to survive, has sunken to the point that everything is dying. As life withers away, there is a glimpses of hope as ââ¬Å"the black clouds / gathered far distant, over Himavantâ⬠. According to the British National Library the Buddhists refer to the Himalayas, which lie to the north of the Ganges, as the ââ¬Å"Himavantâ⬠. The reference of the Himalayas is important because of its power. This mighty power holds the key to the life in the wasteland, since it is what feeds the river, which revives the withered life. High above the mountains, the powerful thunder starts and through its speech it can ââ¬Å"give,â⬠ââ¬Å"sympathizeâ⬠and ââ¬Å"controlâ⬠over the wasteland. Eliot tries to reflect on each of these aspects of the thunderââ¬â¢s speech and its power. This idea of the thunder speaking and the word that it says is taken form the Upanishads and written by Eliot in Sanskrit. These words of power that he chooses convey another message than their meaning. According to Eliotââ¬â¢s footnote and other sources, God is known to speak through thunder to the Indian Upanishads. The Upanishads are a collection of Indian speculations on the nature of reality and the soul and the relations between these two. Eliot has chosen these word because the Upanishads and himself share this common belief about the nature of reality. Now that God has spoken through the thunder and showed mercy by allowing rain to fall, ââ¬Å"th... bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-73026035827940417142019-11-21T05:12:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:12:08.420-08:00Staffing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1Staffing - Assignment Example inion of the employees towards work and the work place enhanced to increase the productivity due to the determination of the company to attain its goals (David, Steve, and Ron, 78). The programs are implementable and yield more economical returns in contrast to the required input. The plan also focuses on all the required sectors of the organization to achieve motivation across all sectors of the company. The leaders in each area of the company provided with plans to facilitate their operations. The company occasionally provides training to its leaders to improve the management and leadership function within the company. Whenever a change of leadership methods employed occurs the company embraces he change and implements it within an appropriate timeline. The companys human resource operates on guidelines to ensure productivity and relevance of human resource practices. The company works at enhancing its public image through the production of goods that are customer oriented and providing value added services to its consumers. Enhancing the public image targets at improving the image of the company by the provision of satisfactory services. The main facilitator for improving the image of the company is through the social media. The plan puts into consideration the reservations of the customer as in order to avoid resistance to change. The company provides continuous training to its employees to ensure that the employees are conversant with the ever-changing methods employed in the production process. Although the training occurs occasionally, the company ensures that the relevant knowledge required in the production is available to employees. The workers have the liberty to join unions, and they voice their concerns through the unions. The unions facilitate the collective bargaining by employees. The strategy is to have all the employees under a similar trade union to reduce conflicts. Although the desired plan to improve the association with the unions, this bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-55330337799768852762019-11-20T01:59:00.001-08:002019-11-20T01:59:02.589-08:00Learning Disability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsLearning Disability - Essay Example The learner does not frequently understand what he or she is reading. Confusing mathematical symbols plus numbers. Awkward pencil grasp and pitiable handwriting skills. Trouble observing multiple directions, organizing thoughts along with what they want to speak. Communication disorders Problems associated with speech, language as well as auditory processing. They range from uncomplicated sound repetitions like stuttering to sporadic misarticulation of terms, to absolute inability to utilize speech plus language for communications, or aphasia (Haynes, Moran, & Pindzola, 2011). The basis of communication disorders comprises hearing loss, neurological disorders, or brain injury. Others include mental retardation, history of drug abuse, emotional and psychiatric disorders, physical impairments like palate, and developmental disorders Characteristics includes: Difficulty in observing directions, attending to conversations, and articulating words. Difficulty in understanding the perceptio n of what has been said and expressing oneself. Do not observe social rules of conversation. Difficulty in using verbs. Difficulty comprehending jokes or sarcasm (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, 2012). Teaching strategies for learning disabilities It is important to begin by defining specific expectations with the learner first. Provide instantaneous reinforcement of accurate responses. Apply various modalities, like oral presentation, overheads, diagrams, and activity-based learning. Apply direct teaching methodology, such as phonics, or pronouncing words simultaneously. Use alternative evaluation methods, like an oral test, closed book test having dissimilar requirements for answers, and taped tests. Negotiate written assignments (Martin, 2008). Teaching strategies for communication disorders First understand what form of communication disorder the student has. Show consideration in terms of patience and acceptance Support speech practice through one-on-one conversations about their interests. Never mimic those with a speech disorder. Create practicing verbal skills sessions involving pairs of students as they read aloud, and working on problems orally, or otherwise play games which encourage speech development (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, 2012). Placement options for learning disabilities Learners with learning disabilities should be educated under least restrictive environment, with the flexible setup to meet the learner individual needs. This includes: General education class having aids and modifications. State special schools. General education class having specialist services, or residential program. Placement options for communication disorders Focus on classroom interactions, language and communications applied, so as to help students learn to communicate in these environments. Apply unambiguous language, as well as communication planning within a non-deliberate language applicat ion. For instance, unconscious selection of language is significant features of school and class environments (Haynes, Moran, & Pindzola, 2011). bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-57395801778237365762019-11-17T14:29:00.001-08:002019-11-17T14:29:04.161-08:00Africa essay Essay Example for Free Africa essay Essay Sub-Saharan Africa: Change and Continuity Essay Summaries Period 3 1 600-1450: Trade Routes and Their Impacts by Stephanie Lin 2 100-1450: Politics by Rebecca Lee-McFadden 3 1450-1750: Politics and Economics by Emma Loh 4 Sub-Saharan Africaââ¬â¢s Relationship to Global Trade Patterns 1750 to the Present by Douglas Chee 5 1450-Present: Religion by LJ Cabutaje 6 1914-Present: Formation of National Identities by George Kitsios a using evidence from specific countries Essay 1 Sub-Saharan Africa 600 -1450 Trade Routes and Their Impacts Before the 600s, trade routes in Africa werenââ¬â¢t used nearly as much as they are today After 600s, long distance trade increased and increased social and cultural diffusion At the end of the 600s, the world saw the decline of the classical period The fall of the classical empires such as the Gupta and Han Empires and Rome allowed various religions to spread Before 600 CE, connections existed between Sub-Saharan Africa and civilized societies, but were limited Cultural diffusion before the 600s included Africanity and diffusion of Bantu languages As trade routes intensified, Arab traders could spread to previously unreachable areas using camels and caravans One of the key changes that occurred during this period was the influence and spread of Islamic religion and culture and the connection of West Africa with the Muslim World Trade also increased economic prosperity, such as in the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhai Gold-salt trade between Ghana and Arab desert traders and the Mediterranean prospered considerably as Ghana had gold but no salt and the Mediterranean had salt but no gold Ghanaââ¬â¢s king converted to Islam, led to better relations with the Islamic world Indian Ocean trade led to increased development of city-states such as Mogadishu and Sofala Slave trading increased Much continuity accompanied these changes Syncretic conversion, which is they kept some of their own beliefs while converting to a new religion such as intertwining Islam with animism and ancient folklore Many people were still devoted to Christianity Nomads were still the ââ¬Å"middlemenâ⬠between the east and west Same basic routes were still used for trade during this period Africans retained their sense of originality and culture Essay 2 Evaluate the political changes and continuities over time in Sub Saharan Africa from years 100 to 1450. Thesis: Sub Saharan Africa went from being made up of small individual tribes to large, organized empires. The arrival of new religions also affected the laws and codes Sub Saharan Africans had to follow. Throughout these changes, one continuity was that religious beliefs still played an important part in the political structures. Changes: -Smaller and decentralized tribes became larger, more organized empires. During 100 CE and earlier, there did not exist organized governments. Most societies were clans and tribes ruled by a tribal leader. Some societies were hunter-gatherer ones. Unification really could not occur due to arid environments and culturally diverse regions. Larger empires and kingdoms were able to rise because of an increase in interaction and trade between tribes. An increased production of crops and iron tools and artisan goods led to more trading. As tribes traded, some grew wealthier and more powerful. These tribes conquered others and took control of regional trade routes becoming more powerful. They then became larger kingdoms and societies. Ghana and Great Zimbabwe were two examples of this. Their rise to power was due to the wealth earned from trading and controlling trade routes. Eastern City States like Zanzibar, Mombasa, and Sofala rose to power because of trading in the Indian Ocean Trading Route. -Religions like Islam and Christianity affected law codes Most of Sub-Saharan Africans followed animism. With the arrival of monotheistic religions like Christianity and Islam, law codes were altered. Mali, for example, was an Islamic state. The people under the Mali empire had to follow Islamic law, sharia and the Quran. The Kingdom of Aksum converted to Christianity under the king, Ezana. Ezana ruled his people under the beliefs and teachings of Christianity. Continuities: Religious beliefs continued to play a role in political structures and law codes Whether the dominating religion was Islam, Christianity, or animism, it still affected how the particular society ran and the laws the people had to follow. Animism also affected tribes politically. Kings and tribal leaders were believed to be decedents of their gods. Religion was all people knew and was so heavily integrated in their lives,. Political structures and law codes were not an exception to this. Essay 3 Prompt: The period of 1450 to 1750 witnessed important transformations in Africa. Trace significant changes and continuities in two of the following areas: social, economic, and political. Economics Change: emergence and eventual domination of the transatlantic slave trade first interactions with Europeans Portuguese and some African tribes created trade relations that were beneficial to both sides in gold, world markets. WHY European production growth, e.g. Portugalââ¬â¢s sugar plantations profits went to Africa, most slaves were POWs Continuity: the profitable trade of raw materials 15th C: gold, copper, cotton textiles, leather works 17th C: gold, ivory, timber Politics Changes political alliances with European foreigners 1500s: some African kings were open to European religions (Christianity) allowed access to European firearms and association with advanced societies few were actually committed to Christianity due to dominant Muslim culture. 17th Century: kings profited from the slave trade, cooperative with Europeans some kings lost power to the slave trade 15th C: some normal Africans started to be kidnapped for the slave trade Continuity: monarchies as the dominant governments which maintained power throughout Africa. forced Europeans to adhere to African trading customs. collected expensive rents from European merchants. prevented Europeans from claiming African territory were not heavily influenced by Europeans. ** not all kings participated in European trade, and a majority of them did not. Essay 4 Sub-Saharan Africaââ¬â¢s Relationship to Global Trade Patterns 1750 to the Present Sub-Saharan Africa is rich with raw materials precious metals, animal products, plant oils. 1750s: Independent African kingdoms exported gold, copper, ivory, vegetable oils, and animal pelts to various Western powers, in exchange for machine-made products. Lack of industrialization.à Huge slave trade from 1750-1867, despite Great Britains attempted abolishment in 1808. Slaves utilized in Western colonies and plantations. Constant European presence and tight relationship in trade. Scramble for Africa: End of slave trade led to economic weakness, leaving African states vulnerable to the European imperialists. Peak of Europeanââ¬â¢s constant influence. New exports included diamonds and rubber. Africa continued to be a global source for raw materials, due to their continued lack of industrialization. Post WWII: Nationalistic movements brought independence from European powers, but left political/economic issues for the now decolonized states. Dependency on the delicate trade of cash crops, in addition to the lack of industrialization and help for the now expelled European powers had led to economic backwardness in Sub-Saharan Africa. Essay 5 Religious Changes and Continuities in Sub-Saharan Africa: 1450-Present: Thesis: From 1450 to the present, Sub-Saharan Africas religious atmosphere has experienced many changes due to the exponential growth of such global religions as Christianity and Islam in the region, while it has also maintained religious continuities in its traditional and established beliefs and practices, by the usage of syncretism Changes and Analysis: There was a large growth in the spread of Islam throughout the region. Because of the way that cultural diffusion occurred throughout various trade routes, Islam easily spread throughout the region and integrated into the cultures of local tribes, without the need for conquest from the leaders. From 1900 to the present, it grew exponentially, from a few million to more than 300 million, comprising 15% of the worlds Islamic population. Christianity was the other global religion that grew exponentially during this time period. It was first introduced in the 15th century by Portuguese Catholic missionaries who wanted to convert the natives to their faith. Similarly to Islam, in the 20th century, the Christian population in Sub-Saharan Africa rose up, eventually totaling over 470 million, effectively making up more than 20% of the worlds Christian population. This occurred due to the heavy anti-slavery sentiment and the scramble for Africa which occurred in this time period. Continuities and Analysis: Despite the changes, the people of this region were still able to adhere to their long-time and ancient beliefs and traditions. Many still practice animism, or the belief in the spirits of nature, and practice rituals such as voodoo. They were able to continue because of the tolerance of the major global religions and also because of their practice of syncretism, in which they incorporated the local religions with these global religions. One last continuity was Christianity in Ethiopia, where the religion was indigenous and was there from the 4th Century CE. Essay 6 -Pre WWII, Sub Saharan Africa witnesses significant changes in the identities of its nations. Largely fueled as a reaction to separatist movements from European Colonial structures, and a recent surge in nationalism -Many strive towards self governed rule with dreams of liberation influenced by fighting in the name of freedom in the 2nd World War Changes: -Ghana -Gold Coast was hot bed of nationalism after WWII, desire for British to allow self rule -Took first step through African representation in council, but not enough -Many had aspirations for Ghana to become the African United States -Ambitious Goal expanded in 1947, Kwame Nkrumah starts series of boycotts, strikes, etc -By 1957, Gold Coast receives full independence, renamed Ghana -Nkrumah 1st president, creates proactive reforms -Kenya -Also governed from a far by the British -Large amounts of free land in Northern Highlands believed by the Native kenyans their own land with their own rights; not some prize for Britain. -Movement for Kenyan Independence begins, seeded in nationalism, by Joma Kenyatta, who like others, believed Africa can only advance to a higher level if he is free to express himselfâ⬠¦, meaning free from external rule -Formation of Mau Mau Guerilla group, more violent approach toward Kenyan national identity, killing 10,000 Africans and 100 settlers in the process -Eventually, Kenya gains independence in 1963 Continuities: -One of largest things that stayed the same was the pattern of violence and oppression experienced in inter and intercommunication of African native groups/future nations -Nigeria -Key example, newborn nation that adopts a federal system -Borders did not pay attention to the cultural tensions it put in place among the civilians, would provoke a large amount of controversy -Ultimately leads to a full out civil war breaking loose, amongst a number of ethnic groups forced to live together with no prior notice -Horrible level of instability within the government, provoking martial law on some areas. -Outcome of a movement intended to liberate resulted in unimaginable violence, and the replacement of one oppressive, ignorant government, with a more familiar one -South Africa -Obtains partial independence from Great Britain by 1931, allowing for self government (sorta) -White supremacy ends up taking over the reigns immediately however policies of apartheid run rampant for the next couple of decades -Formation and barring of the African National Congress (ANC) -Misrepresentation in laws/distribution of land -South Africans are 75% of population, but only allowed on 13% of land (slum land too!) -ANC and other pro South African Native movements decide to go with a more violent route, yet many end up killed, beaten, or jailed in the 70s and 80s, especially after demonstrations in 1977. -Struggle for accurate democracy at hand, no room for reform, and realization of equality not realized until later on (Nelson Mandela) -Black citizens grossly mistreated in their own homeland, reign of violence and terror overstays its welcome bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-135654060010758617.post-29064059786215335372019-11-15T03:00:00.001-08:002019-11-15T03:00:05.432-08:00brave new world :: essays research papers Brave New World: Draft à à à à à Huxley's: Brave New World takes into consideration so much of what really goes on in the world now. From the separation of the sexes to the, still in progress, cloning of the new millenium. à à à à à Today regardless of all the women's rights acts and laws against discrimination due to race or sex, women still seem inferior in some ways. There are still housewives, while not as many as there were say fifty years ago, as well as women still found stuck in the kitchen cooking dinner for the husband as oppose to the husband taking hold of the kitchen and other household duties. Women, more commonly years ago, are often time s thought of as nothing more than a way to make a baby. In older times women were nothing, but the mere way of bearing a child. While male condoms are widely available and used, it is often times the responsibility of the woman to keep up with other birth control methods such as birth control, Depo-Provera shots, abortions and other forms of birth control. à à à à à From a political standpoint, there has yet to be a female president in the United States of America. In fact male politicians out weigh the number of female politicians hands down. There are only males in charge of everything throughout Brave New World. All of the power is left to men to distribute. In fact, most directors or supervisors of big, major companies and firms are usually male. Not that a woman couldn't perform the same duties just as efficiently, women are just more commonly found lower down the working scale. In addition to the majority of higher positioned workers being men, there are a number of cases where men and women may perform equal jobs, yet the men still earn a higher salary. à à à à à Another stretch of the world we live in today is the explicit use of drugs. In America there are a ridiculously high number of people who use or abuse drugs. I compared a commonly used drug such as ecstasy, shrooms or even alcohol to the very frequently used drug, soma that was used in Brave New World. Alcoholics who drink a lot here in the United States sometimes beat their wives (husbands), children or drive drunk. Sometimes people simply drink socially, such as many college students are known to do, but still get a false since of happiness that exists only while they are drunk. bethtorres1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/09912536720220831817noreply@blogger.com0